ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2014
Physical fitness and hypertension in a population at risk for cardiovascular disease: the Henry Ford ExercIse Testing (FIT) Project.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The association of cardiorespiratory fitness and the risk of hypertension: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Journal of human hypertension · 2022Pooled it
- The Metabolic Signature of Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Pooled it
- The metabolic signature of cardiorespiratory fitness: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open sport & exercise medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Running to Lower Resting Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2020Pooled it
- Impact of physical activity interventions on blood pressure in Brazilian populations.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2015Pooled it
- Secular trends in physical fitness and nutritional status among Tibetan children and adolescents from 2005 to 2019: a secondary analysis of four CNSSCH surveys.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The effects of diabetes, hypertension and subsequent health control behavior on the survival of a Taiwan cohort aged over 50 years.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Independent and joint associations of estimated cardiorespiratory fitness and its dynamic changes and obesity with the risk of hypertension: A prospective cohort.Journal of human hypertension · 2024Article
- Associations of different type of physical activity with all-cause mortality in hypertension participants.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Fitness attenuates long-term cardiovascular outcomes in women with ischemic heart disease and metabolic syndrome.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2023Article
- Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes: Facts and Fallacies.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2023Review
- Relationship between Cardiometabolic Factors and the Response of Blood Pressure to a One-Year Primary Care Lifestyle Intervention in Metabolic Syndrome Patients.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Non-Exercise Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Incident Hypertension.The American journal of medicine · 2022Article
- Association of Smartphone Use Duration with Physical Fitness among University Students: Focus on Strength and Flexibility.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- A Comparison of Rehospitalization Risks on Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients after Recovery from Acute Coronary Syndrome.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Review
- The Association of Smartphone Usage Duration with Physical Fitness among Chinese University Students.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Temporal trends in step test performance for Chinese adults between 2000 and 2014.Journal of exercise science and fitness · 2021Article
- How Ceramides Orchestrate Cardiometabolic Health-An Ode to Physically Active Living.Metabolites · 2021Review
- Age and aging effects on blood pressure: 15 years follow-up of Tehran lipid and glucose study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIncreased physical fitness is protective against cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that increased fitness would be inversely associated with hypertension. METHODS AND
resultsWe examined the association of fitness with prevalent and incident hypertension in 57 284 participants from The Henry Ford ExercIse Testing (FIT) Project (1991–2009). Fitness was measured during a clinician‐referred treadmill stress test. Incident hypertension was defined as a new diagnosis of hypertension on 3 separate consecutive encounters derived from electronic medical records or administrative claims files. Analyses were performed with logistic regression or Cox proportional hazards models and were adjusted for hypertension risk factors. The mean age overall was 53 years, with 49% women and 29% black. Mean peak metabolic equivalents (METs) achieved was 9.2 (SD, 3.0). Fitness was inversely associated with prevalent hypertension even after adjustment (≥12 METs versus <6 METs; OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.80). During a median follow‐up period of 4.4 years (interquartile range: 2.2 to 7.7 years), there were 8053 new cases of hypertension (36.4% of 22 109 participants without baseline hypertension). The unadjusted 5‐year cumulative incidences across categories of METs (<6, 6 to 9, 10 to 11, and ≥12) were 49%, 41%, 30%, and 21%. After adjustment, participants achieving ≥12 METs had a 20% lower risk of incident hypertension compared to participants achieving <6 METs (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.72, 0.89). This relationship was preserved across strata of age, sex, race, obesity, resting blood pressure, and diabetes.
conclusionsHigher fitness is associated with a lower probability of prevalent and incident hypertension independent of baseline risk factors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.