ArticleThe international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease2015
Gaps in using bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids and influenza vaccine among 23 high- and low-income sites.
Article in The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Impact of intensive health education on influenza vaccination and acute exacerbations in outpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a real-world study.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- Bronchodilator responsiveness and future chronic airflow obstruction: a multinational longitudinal study.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Lung function and onset of cardiometabolic diseases in the longitudinal Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Factors Affecting Influenza Vaccination Rates among Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Rize, Turkey.Turkish thoracic journal · 2018Article
- Unemployment in chronic airflow obstruction around the world: results from the BOLD study.The European respiratory journal · 2017Article
- Prevalence of chronic airflow limitation in Kashmir, North India: results from the BOLD study.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2016Article
- Indian guidelines for asthma: Adherence is the key.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest Society · 2015Article
- Study of respiratory viruses and their coinfection with bacterial and fungal pathogens in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest SocietyArticle
- Microbial etiology in hospitalized North Indian adults with community-acquired pneumonia.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest SocietyArticle
- Influenza vaccination in north Indian patients with heart failure.Indian heart journalArticle
- Respiratory viruses in acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
13 authors at 8 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIncreasing access to essential respiratory medicines and influenza vaccination has been a priority for over three decades. Their use remains low in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where little is known about factors influencing use, or about the use of influenza vaccination for preventing respiratory exacerbations.
methodsWe estimated rates of regular use of bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids and influenza vaccine, and predictors for use among 19 000 adults in 23 high-income countries (HICs) and LMIC sites.
resultsBronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids and influenza vaccine were used significantly more in HICs than in LMICs, after adjusting for similar clinical needs. Although they are used more commonly by people with symptomatic or severe respiratory disease, the gap between HICs and LMICs is not explained by the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or doctor-diagnosed asthma. Site-specific factors are likely to influence use differently. The gross national income per capita for the country is a strong predictor for use of these treatments, suggesting that economics influence under-treatment.
conclusionWe still need a better understanding of determinants for the low use of essential respiratory medicines and influenza vaccine in low-income settings. Identifying and addressing these more systematically could improve the access and use of effective treatments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.