Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25518726›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2014

"Throwing a rock at their armored tank": civilian authority and military tobacco control.

Quinn Grundy, Elizabeth A Smith, Ruth E Malone

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 39% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Quinn GrundyDepartment of Social and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California St, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA. quinn.grundy@ucsf.edu.
Elizabeth A Smith
Ruth E Malone
University of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Barriers to Effective Tobacco Control Policy Implementation in the US MilitaryR01DA036507 · NIDA · NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH INSTITUTES, INC. · PI HADDOCK, CHRISTOPHER KEITH, MALONE, RUTH E · 2013 to 2015
$1.8M
Enhancing Civilian Support for Military Tobacco ControlR01CA157014 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HADDOCK, CHRISTOPHER KEITH, MALONE, RUTH E · 2010 to 2012
$1.7M
Enhancing Civilian Support for Military Tobacco ControlR01DA036509 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI HADDOCK, CHRISTOPHER KEITH, MALONE, RUTH E · 2013 to 2014
$1.0M
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA157014NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA036507NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA036509PHS HHS NIDA R01036509
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTobacco use is a major cause of chronic disease, disability and death among military personnel and veterans. However, civilian public health and tobacco control advocates have been relatively silent on the issue. Research on the tobacco industry shows a long history of interference in military tobacco policy through relationships with the United States (US) Congress. The military cannot autonomously implement tobacco control, but is subject to Congressional oversight. Thus, the primary obstacles to effective tobacco control in the military are Congressional political opposition and tobacco industry influence, and by extension, a lack of civilian awareness and support in the policy arena.

methodsAs part of a larger project to explore the topic of civilian support for military tobacco control, we analyzed data from focus groups with public health professionals to better understand their sense of agency and authority in regards to military tobacco control. Researchers conducted 4 focus groups with a total of 36 public health professionals at key conferences for those working in public health and tobacco control. Data were coded and the research team developed an interpretive account that captured patterns and variations in the data.

resultsPublic health and tobacco control participants shared a sense of futility regarding civilian efforts to engage in military tobacco control. This stemmed from feeling ignorant of military culture and structure, identifying powerful discourses that opposed tobacco control, particularly in a military context, and the very-real presence of the tobacco industry lobby throughout the policy process.

conclusionsA strong public health voice on military tobacco control might serve to begin problematizing the tobacco industry's influence in the military policy arena. As the military moves to institute stronger tobacco control policy, public health and tobacco control professionals should work to engage with and aid its efforts from the outside. Only with such civilian side support can the goal of a tobacco free military be realized.

Indexed as

Military PersonnelPublic HealthSmoke-Free PolicySmokingAdultAgedFemaleFocus GroupsHealth PersonnelHumansLobbyingMaleMiddle AgedTobacco IndustryTobacco ProductsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID25518726
PMCPMC4301565
OpenAlexW1625897347

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.