Trial reportBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2015
Prenatal vitamin C and E supplementation in smokers is associated with reduced placental abruption and preterm birth: a secondary analysis.
Trial report in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00135707 (A Randomized Clinical Trial of Antioxidants to Prevent Preeclampsia and An Observational Cohort Study to Predict Preeclampsia), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Clinical Trial of Antioxidants to Prevent Preeclampsia and An Observational Cohort Study to Predict Preeclampsia
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of vitamin C supplementation during pregnancy in the prevention of preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2025Pooled it
- Do nutritional interventions before or during pregnancy affect placental phenotype? Findings from a systematic review of human clinical trials.Journal of global health · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The effect of omega-3 supplementation on pregnancy outcomes by smoking status.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2017Trial
- Maternal environmental exposure and early-life health risks: The modulating role of nutritional status-A scoping review.iScience · 2026Review
- Effects of Benzo[a]pyrene-DNA adducts, dietary vitamins, folate, and carotene intakes on preterm birth: a nested case-control study from the birth cohort in China.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022Article
- Fat-soluble nutrients and Omega-3 fatty acids as modifiable factors influencing preterm birth risk.Placenta · 2020Review
- Role of Palm Oil Vitamin E in Preventing Pre-eclampsia: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial Following ISSHP Reclassification.Frontiers in medicine · 2020Article
- Smoking cessation in pregnancy: a continuing challenge in the United States.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2018Review
- Pulmonary Effects of Maternal Smoking on the Fetus and Child: Effects on Lung Development, Respiratory Morbidities, and Life Long Lung Health.Paediatric respiratory reviews · 2017Review
- 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine-mediated alteration of transposon activity associated with the exposure to adverse in utero environments in human.Human molecular genetics · 2016Article
- Vitamin C supplementation in nicotine use during pregnancy: A narrative review.Women's health (London, England)Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 14 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveSmoking and pre-eclampsia (PE) are associated with increases in preterm birth, placental abruption and low birthweight. We evaluated the relationship between prenatal vitamin C and E (C/E) supplementation and perinatal outcomes by maternal self-reported smoking status focusing on outcomes known to be impacted by maternal smoking. DESIGN/SETTING/POPULATION: A secondary analysis of a multi-centre trial of vitamin C/E supplementation starting at 9-16 weeks in low-risk nulliparous women with singleton gestations.
methodsWe examined the effect of vitamin C/E by smoking status at randomisation using the Breslow-Day test for interaction.
main outcome measuresThe trial's primary outcomes were PE and a composite outcome of pregnancy-associated hypertension (PAH) with serious adverse outcomes. Perinatal outcomes included preterm birth and abruption.
resultsThere were no differences in baseline characteristics within subgroups (smokers versus nonsmokers) by vitamin supplementation status. The effect of prenatal vitamin C/E on the risk of PE (P = 0.66) or PAH composite outcome (P = 0.86) did not differ by smoking status. Vitamin C/E was protective for placental abruption in smokers (relative risk [RR] 0.09; 95% CI 0.00-0.87], but not in nonsmokers (RR 0.92; 95% CI 0.52-1.62) (P = 0.01), and for preterm birth in smokers (RR 0.76; 95% CI 0.58-0.99) but not in nonsmokers (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.90-1.17) (P = 0.046).
conclusionIn this cohort of women, smoking was not associated with a reduction in PE or the composite outcome of PAH. Vitamin C/E supplementation appears to be associated with a reduction in placental abruption and preterm birth among smokers.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.