ReviewEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology2015
Antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities of fluoroquinolones optimized for treatment of bacterial infections: a puzzling paradox or a logical consequence of their mode of action?
Review in European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Legacy 4(1ACS infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Fluoroquinolone with Geranyl Amine Moiety.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- Repurposing fluoroquinolones as cancer chemosensitizers: a way to overcome cancer therapeutic bottleneck.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Trends of ciprofloxacin use in Kazakhstan, impacts of COVID-19, and strategies for AMR control.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Next-generation antifungal drugs: Mechanisms, efficacy, and clinical prospects.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- In vitro trypanocidal activities and structure-activity relationships of ciprofloxacin analogs.Molecular diversity · 2024Article
- Unusual and Unconsidered Mechanisms of Bacterial Resilience and Resistance to Quinolones.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization using a Facile Validated HPLC Quantitation Analysis Method of 4-Chloro-phenylcarbamoyl-methyl Ciprofloxacin and Its Biological Investigations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- In Vitro Inhibitory Effects and Bioinformatic Analysis of Norfloxacin and Ofloxacin on Piroplasm.Acta parasitologica · 2023Article
- Magic bullets, magic shields, and antimicrobials in between.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2023Review
- Potential Inhibitors of Monkeypox Virus Revealed by Molecular Modeling Approach to Viral DNA Topoisomerase I.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Fluoroquinolones' Biological Activities against Laboratory Microbes and Cancer Cell Lines.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- In vitro inhibition and molecular docking of a new ciprofloxacin-chalcone against SARS-CoV-2 main protease.Fundamental & clinical pharmacology · 2022Article
- COVID-19-specific transcriptomic signature detectable in blood across multiple cohorts.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Article
- The application of in silico experimental model in the assessment of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin interaction with main SARS-CoV-2 targets: S-, E- and TMPRSS2 proteins, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and papain-like protease (PLpro)-preliminary molecular docking analysis.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2021Article
- Biological Effects of Quinolones: A Family of Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Agents.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Preparation and Directed Evolution of Anti-Ciprofloxacin ScFv for Immunoassay in Animal-Derived Food.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Repurposing of antibiotics for clinical management of COVID-19: a narrative review.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2021Review
- Selective toxicity of antibacterial agents-still a valid concept or do we miss chances and ignore risks?Infection · 2021Review
- Ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin could interact with SARS-CoV-2 protease: preliminary in silico analysis.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This review summarizes evidence that commercially available fluoroquinolones used for the treatment of bacterial infections are active against other non-bacterial infectious agents as well. Any of these fluoroquinolones exerts, in parallel to its antibacterial action, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic actions at clinically achievable concentrations. This broad range of anti-infective activities is due to one common mode of action, i.e., the inhibition of type II topoisomerases or inhibition of viral helicases, thus maintaining the selective toxicity of fluoroquinolones inhibiting microbial topoisomerases at low concentrations but mammalian topoisomerases at much higher concentrations. Evidence suggests that standard doses of the fluoroquinolones studied are clinically effective against viral and parasitic infections, whereas higher doses administered topically were active against Candida spp. causing ophthalmological infections. Well-designed clinical studies should be performed to substantiate these findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.