ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2015
Energetics and biomechanics of double poling in regional and high-level cross-country skiers.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Kinematic differences between uphill roller skiing and on-snow skiing using the V2 skating technique.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Trial
- Enhancing speed and efficiency: biomechanical variation in maximal speed double poling among different performance level cross-country skiers.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Skiing economy and kinematic during a field double poling roller skiing among novice and experienced cross-country skiers.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Upper limb isokinetic muscle strength predicts the performance in cross-country sit-skiing.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Biomechanics of Double Poling in Paralympic Cross-Country Skiing-A Cross-Sectional Study Comparing the Standing and Sitting Positions in Healthy Male Subjects.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- The Modern Double-Poling Technique Is Not More Energy Efficient Than the Old-Fashioned Double-Poling Technique at a Submaximal Work Intensity.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2022Article
- A Comparison of Double Poling Physiology and Kinematics Between Long-Distance and All-Round Cross-Country Skiers.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2022Article
- The Effects of Sub-Technique and Pole Length on Classic Roller Skiing Performance and Physiological Responses at Steep Uphill Inclination.Journal of human kinetics · 2021Article
- Mechanical energy and propulsion mechanics in roller-skiing double-poling at increasing speeds.PloS one · 2021Article
- Talent Development in Young Cross-Country Skiers: Longitudinal Analysis of Anthropometric and Physiological Characteristics.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2020Article
- The Relationship between General Upper-Body Strength and Pole Force Measurements, and Their Predictive Power Regarding Double Poling Sprint Performance.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2019Article
- The influence of pole lengths on OEuropean journal of applied physiology · 2019Article
- Stronger Is Better: The Impact of Upper Body Strength in Double Poling Performance.Frontiers in physiology · 2019Article
- Developments in the Biomechanics and Equipment of Olympic Cross-Country Skiers.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Following a Long-Distance Classical Race the Whole-Body Kinematics of Double Poling by Elite Cross-Country Skiers Are Altered.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Article
- Functional significance of extent and timing of muscle activation during double poling on-snow with increasing speed.European journal of applied physiology · 2017Article
- The pacing strategy and technique of male cross-country skiers with different levels of performance during a 15-km classical race.PloS one · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the energetics and the biomechanics of double poling technique (DP) in two groups of cross-country skiers.
methodsEight high-level (HLG) and eight regional-level (RLG) skiers performed a 5-min sub-maximal DP trial, roller skiing on a treadmill at 14 km h(-1) and 2°. Energetic cost (ECDP), center of mass (COM) vertical displacement range, body inclination (θ, i.e., the angle between the vertical line and the line passing through COM and a fixed pivot point identified at feet level) and mechanical work associated to COM motion were analyzed. Pole and joint kinematics, poling forces and cycle timing were also considered.
resultsHLG showed lower ECDP than RLG, smaller COM vertical displacement range and mechanical work, whereas higher θ during the early part of the poling phase (P < 0.05). In HLG, pole inclination was higher, poling forces greater and cycle duration longer (P < 0.05). Considering all skiers, a forward multiple regression revealed that the maximum value of θ (θ max) and the minimum value of COM vertical displacement resulted the COM-related parameters that better predict ECDP (AdjR (2) = 0.734; P < 0.001). Moreover, θ max positively related to poling force integrals and cycle duration (P < 0.05).
conclusionsA pronounced body inclination during the early poling phase and a reduced COM vertical displacement range concur in explaining the differences in ECDP found between the groups and among the skiers. A mechanically advantageous motion of COM during DP improves poling effectiveness, reduces cycle frequency and the mechanical work sustained.
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