ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2015
Innate activation of MDC and NK cells in high-risk HIV-1-exposed seronegative IV-drug users who share needles when compared with low-risk nonsharing IV-drug user controls.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- NK Cell Activity and CD57Frontiers in immunology · 2020Trial
- Increased Steady-State Memory B Cell Subsets Among High-Risk Participants in an HIV Vaccine Trial.AIDS research and human retrovirusesTrial
- Natural Resistance to HIV Infection: Role of Immune Activation.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- Relationships Among COVID-19-Related Service Uptake, HIV Status, Drug Use, and COVID-19 Antibody Status Among HIV Testing Intervention Participants in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Review
- NK Cells in Protection from HIV Infection.Viruses · 2022Review
- Article
- ERAPs Reduce In Vitro HIV Infection by Activating Innate Immune Response.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2021Article
- Persons who inject drugs (PWID) retain functional NK cells, dendritic cell stimulation, and adaptive immune recall responses despite prolonged opioid use.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2020Article
- S100A14 Is Increased in Activated NK Cells and Plasma of HIV-Exposed Seronegative People Who Inject Drugs and Promotes Monocyte-NK Crosstalk.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2019Article
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Associated Aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) Is Released in the Secretome of Activated MDMs and ReducesFrontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Brief Report: The Relationship Between Injection Drug Use Risk Behaviors and Markers of Immune Activation.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Article
- HIV-1-exposed seronegative individuals show alteration in TLR expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine production ex vivo: An innate immune quiescence status?Immunologic research · 2016Article
- Humoral Dysregulation Associated with Increased Systemic Inflammation among Injection Heroin Users.PloS one · 2016Article
- Further Evidence that Human Endogenous Retrovirus K102 is a Replication Competent Foamy Virus that may Antagonize HIV-1 Replication.The open AIDS journal · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have described increased innate immune activation in HIV-1-exposed seronegative intravenous drug users (HESN-IDU), but have not addressed the independent role of injected drugs and/or repeated injections in driving immune activation.
methodsIn this study, we investigated innate [natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells] and adaptive (HIV-specific antibody and CD8 T cell) immune parameters among a high-risk cohort of needle-sharing HESN-IDU subjects and compared them with low-risk nonsharing IDU subjects (NS-IDU) and non-drug-user controls.
resultsWe observed that HIV-specific antibody and CD8 T-cell responses were not detected in HESN-IDU subjects, yet innate immune cell activation was found to be significantly increased on NK cells (CD69 and CD107a upregulation) and myeloid dendritic cells (CD40 and CD83 upregulation) when compared with NS-IDU subjects or non-drug-user controls (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). HESN-IDU subjects maintained strong NK-cell CD107a degranulation and cytokine (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and MIP-1 beta) production after target cell incubation suggesting that constitutive innate activation does not induce functional exhaustion of innate cells in HESN-IDU subjects. NK activation in HESN-IDU subjects was independent of drug use patterns but was durable over time and correlated with plasma levels of IP-10 by Luminex analysis (ρ = 0.5073, P = 0.0059, n = 28).
conclusionsOur results indicate that heightened innate immune cell activation in HESN-IDU subjects is not the result of the IV drugs and repeated injection practice itself, but to repeated exposure to factors intrinsic to sharing needles (ie, exposure to pathogens or heterologous cells among donor blood).
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