ArticlePloS one2014
Surfactant-derived proteins as markers of alveolar membrane damage in heart failure.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Inflammation and remodeling pathways and risk of cardiovascular events in patients with ischemic heart failure and reduced ejection fraction.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Exercise-Induced Plasma Surfactant Protein B Response in Advanced Heart Failure: Relation to Exercise Limitation, Resting Invasive Hemodynamics, and Clinical Outcomes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Toward Personalized Heart Failure Management: Integrating Biomarkers and Multimodal Monitoring Strategies.Current heart failure reports · 2026Review
- Surfactant Protein B and the Lung-HDL-Vascular Axis: Linking Pulmonary Injury to Cardiovascular Risk.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2026Review
- Increased levels of serum surfactant protein D are associated with cardiovascular disease incidence in the Spanish adult population: Di@bet.es study.European journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Short-term effects of DAPAgliflozin on Lung fUNction, sleep apneas, and circulatinG surfactant protein B in Heart Failure with reduced ejection fraction (DAPA-LUNG-HF).International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Biomarkers of lung congestion and injury in acute heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2025Review
- Increased pro-SFTPB in HDL promotes the pro-inflammatory transition of HDL and represents a sign of poor prognosis in ARDS patients.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Surfactant-derived protein type B: a new biomarker linked to respiratory failure and lung damage in mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.ERJ open research · 2024Article
- Immature Surfactant Protein Type B and Surfactant Protein Type D Correlate with Coronary Heart Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Immature Surfactant Protein B Increases in the Serum of Patients with Calcific Severe Aortic Stenosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- SFTPB in serum extracellular vesicles as a biomarker of progressive pulmonary fibrosis.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Symptomatic post COVID patients have impaired alveolar capillary membrane function and high VE/VCORespiratory research · 2024Article
- Impact of Sacubitril/Valsartan on Circulating microRNA in Patients with Heart Failure.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Article
- Pulmonary surfactant protein B carried by HDL predicts incident CVD in patients with type 1 diabetes.Journal of lipid research · 2022Article
- The Common Haplotype GATGACA in Surfactant-Protein B Gene Is Protective for Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Preterm Neonates.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Impact of Sacubitril/Valsartan on surfactant binding proteins, central sleep apneas, lung function tests and heart failure biomarkers: Hemodynamic or pleiotropism?Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Immature Circulating SP-B, Bound to HDL, Represents an Early Sign of Smoke-Induced Pathophysiological Alterations.Biomolecules · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn heart failure (HF) alveolar-capillary membrane is abnormal. Surfactant-derived proteins (SPs) and plasma receptor for advanced-glycation-end-products (RAGE) have been proposed as lung damage markers.
methodsEighty-nine chronic HF and 17 healthy subjects were evaluated by echocardiography, blood parameters, carbon monoxide lung diffusion (DLCO) and cardiopulmonary exercise test. We measured immature SP-B, mature SP-B, SP-A, SP-D and RAGE plasma levels.
resultsImmature SP-B (arbitrary units), mature SP-A (ng/ml) and SP-D (ng/ml), but not mature SP-B (ng/ml) and RAGE (pg/ml) levels, were higher in HF than in controls [immature SP-B: 15.6 (13.1, 75th-25th interquartile range) Vs. 11.1 (6.4), p<0.01; SP-A, 29.6 (20.1) Vs. 18.3 (13.5), p = 0.01; SP-D: 125 (90) Vs. 78 (58), p<0.01]. Immature SP-B, SP-A, SP-D and RAGE values were related to DLCO, peak oxygen consumption, ventilatory efficiency, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), whereas plasma mature SP-B was not. The DLCO Vs. immature SP-B correlation was the strongest one. At multivariate analysis, RAGE was associated to age and creatinine, SP-A to DLCO and BNP, SP-D to BNP, mature SP-B to DLCO and creatinine, and immature SP-B only but strongly to DLCO.
conclusionsImmature SP-B is the most reliable biological marker of alveolar-capillary membrane function in HF.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.