ReviewToxins2014
Bacillus thuringiensis toxins: an overview of their biocidal activity.
Review in Toxins, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 280 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
280 citing papers in PubMed, 773 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biopesticides as an eco-friendly approach to mosquitoes and their role in reducing transmission of vector-borne disease: updates and prospects.Pest management science · 2026Review
- Revealing the secrets of quorum sensing: a comprehensive review from signal mechanisms to practical applications.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Amino Acid Substitutions in the C-Terminal Domains of Vip3Aa Enhance Insecticidal Toxicity.Biology · 2026Article
- CanPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Bacillus thuringiensis and its pest control potential as endophyte.Pest management science · 2026Article
- A Mechanistic Model of Cry2Ab12 Toxicity AgainstToxins · 2026Article
- Lipopeptides efficiently disperse spore crystal aggregates in Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Three Decades of China's Bt Cotton: Achievements and Insights.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Review
- When Small Meets Smaller: Immune Modulation and Virulence Strategies in Insect-Bacteria Interactions.Insects · 2026Review
- Domain-guided engineering of a thermoresistant Vip3A toxin for enhanced functional robustness.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Decoding the genome of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis VCRC B668 to understand its mosquitocidal potential for biopesticide development.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- Spiroplasma Display an Intricate Continuum of Infection Heterogeneity and Persistence in Myrmica Ants.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Fusion protein based strategies for developing insect-resistant crops.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Review
- Persistence and Degradation of Bt Toxin in Two Soil Types Under Different Sterilization Regimes.Toxins · 2026Article
- Initial Sublethal Exposure to an ArgentineInsects · 2026Article
- AX-2: A Promising Non-Hemolytic Protein ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Isolation and production of newly oligosporogenic polyvalent Bacillus thuringiensis mutants for agricultural pest control.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- NativeJournal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
- A potent Vip3Aa94 protein from ThaiPeerJ · 2026Article
220 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a Gram positive, spore-forming bacterium that synthesizes parasporal crystalline inclusions containing Cry and Cyt proteins, some of which are toxic against a wide range of insect orders, nematodes and human-cancer cells. These toxins have been successfully used as bioinsecticides against caterpillars, beetles, and flies, including mosquitoes and blackflies. Bt also synthesizes insecticidal proteins during the vegetative growth phase, which are subsequently secreted into the growth medium. These proteins are commonly known as vegetative insecticidal proteins (Vips) and hold insecticidal activity against lepidopteran, coleopteran and some homopteran pests. A less well characterized secretory protein with no amino acid similarity to Vip proteins has shown insecticidal activity against coleopteran pests and is termed Sip (secreted insecticidal protein). Bin-like and ETX_MTX2-family proteins (Pfam PF03318), which share amino acid similarities with mosquitocidal binary (Bin) and Mtx2 toxins, respectively, from Lysinibacillus sphaericus, are also produced by some Bt strains. In addition, vast numbers of Bt isolates naturally present in the soil and the phylloplane also synthesize crystal proteins whose biological activity is still unknown. In this review, we provide an updated overview of the known active Bt toxins to date and discuss their activities.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.