ReviewLife (Basel, Switzerland)2014
Regulation of Three Nitrogenase Gene Clusters in the Cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413.
Review in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Role of Vanadium for Cryptogamic Nitrogen Fixation in Extratropical Forests.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Nitrogen fixation may not alleviate stoichiometric imbalances that limit primary production in eutrophic lake ecosystems.Ecology · 2025Article
- Exploring the influence of atmospheric COApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Nitrogen Fixation Activity and Genome Analysis of a Moderately Haloalkaliphilic Anoxygenic Phototrophic BacteriumMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Cross-Activation of Two Nitrogenase Gene Clusters by CnfR1 or CnfR2 in the Cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Global distribution patterns of marine nitrogen-fixers by imaging and molecular methods.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Comparative genomic insights into culturable symbiotic cyanobacteria from the water fernMicrobial genomics · 2021Article
- Natural Product Gene Clusters in the FilamentousLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- The Dual Role of the Glycolipid Envelope in Different Cell Types of the Multicellular CyanobacteriumFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Geochemical and metagenomics study of a metal-rich, green-turquoise-coloured stream in the southern Swiss Alps.PloS one · 2021Article
- Reactivity, Mechanism, and Assembly of the Alternative Nitrogenases.Chemical reviews · 2020Review
- Rhodobacter capsulatus AnfA is essential for production of Fe-nitrogenase proteins but dispensable for cofactor biosynthesis and electron supply.MicrobiologyOpen · 2020Article
- NifA is the master regulator of both nitrogenase systems in Rhodobacter capsulatus.MicrobiologyOpen · 2019Article
- Metalloproteins in the Biology of Heterocysts.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Spatial separation of photosynthesis and ethanol production by cell type-specific metabolic engineering of filamentous cyanobacteria.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2018Article
- Nitrogen Fixation Genes and Nitrogenase Activity of the Non-Heterocystous Cyanobacterium Thermoleptolyngbya sp. O-77.Microbes and environments · 2017Article
- Role of the nifB1 and nifB2 Promoters in Cell-Type-Specific Expression of Two Mo Nitrogenases in the Cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413.Journal of bacteriology · 2017Article
- Cyanobacterial nitrogenases: phylogenetic diversity, regulation and functional predictions.Genetics and molecular biology · 2017Article
- Role of RNA secondary structure and processing in stability of the nifH1 transcript in the cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis.Journal of bacteriology · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 fixes nitrogen under aerobic conditions in specialized cells called heterocysts that form in response to an environmental deficiency in combined nitrogen. Nitrogen fixation is mediated by the enzyme nitrogenase, which is very sensitive to oxygen. Heterocysts are microxic cells that allow nitrogenase to function in a filament comprised primarily of vegetative cells that produce oxygen by photosynthesis. A. variabilis is unique among well-characterized cyanobacteria in that it has three nitrogenase gene clusters that encode different nitrogenases, which function under different environmental conditions. The nif1 genes encode a Mo-nitrogenase that functions only in heterocysts, even in filaments grown anaerobically. The nif2 genes encode a different Mo-nitrogenase that functions in vegetative cells, but only in filaments grown under anoxic conditions. An alternative V-nitrogenase is encoded by vnf genes that are expressed only in heterocysts in an environment that is deficient in Mo. Thus, these three nitrogenases are expressed differentially in response to environmental conditions. The entire nif1 gene cluster, comprising at least 15 genes, is primarily under the control of the promoter for the first gene, nifB1. Transcriptional control of many of the downstream nif1 genes occurs by a combination of weak promoters within the coding regions of some downstream genes and by RNA processing, which is associated with increased transcript stability. The vnf genes show a similar pattern of transcriptional and post-transcriptional control of expression suggesting that the complex pattern of regulation of the nif1 cluster is conserved in other cyanobacterial nitrogenase gene clusters.
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