ReviewBoneKEy reports2014
Immune regulation of bone metastasis.
Review in BoneKEy reports, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanisms of breast cancer dormancy in bone metastasis.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy in the Battle Against Bone Metastases: Mechanisms and Emerging Treatments.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Single-Cell Analysis of Bone-Marrow-Disseminated Tumour Cells.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Multiple influence of immune cells in the bone metastatic cancer microenvironment on tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The Innate Immune Microenvironment in Metastatic Breast Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Bone metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma: facts and hopes from clinical and translational perspectives.Frontiers of medicine · 2022Review
- Article
- Tumor burden as possible biomarker of outcome in advanced NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy: a single center, retrospective, real-world analysis.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2021Article
- Switching Homes: How Cancer Moves to Bone.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Review
- Novel risk group stratification for metastatic urothelial cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Cancer medicine · 2020Article
- Bone Metastasis: Current State of Play.Translational oncology · 2020Review
- RANKL biology: bone metabolism, the immune system, and beyond.Inflammation and regeneration · 2020Review
- The Contribution of the Immune System in Bone Metastasis Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Emerging and Established Models of Bone Metastasis.Cancers · 2018Review
- Gene expression profile analysis of the bone microenvironment in patients with spinal metastases.Oncology letters · 2018Article
- Prognostic Evaluation of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma with Bone-Only Metastasis after Therapy.Yonsei medical journal · 2016Article
- The frequency of osteolytic bone metastasis is determined by conditions of the soil, not the number of seeds; evidence from in vivo models of breast and prostate cancer.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2015Article
- Bone specific immunity and its impact on metastasis.BoneKEy reports · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Metastases to bone occur in about 70% of patients with metastatic prostate and breast cancers. Unfortunately, bone metastases result in significant morbidity and mortality and treatment options are limited. Thus, significant effort has focused on understanding the mechanisms that drive tumor dissemination to bone. Bone metastases are typically characterized by a self-perpetuating 'vicious' cycle wherein tumor cells and bone-resorbing cells (osteoclasts) are locked in a cycle that leads to osteoclast-driven bone destruction and the release of bone-stored factors that in turn stimulate tumor cell proliferation and survival. To break this 'vicious' cycle, potent antiresorptive agents such as zoledronic acid (ZOL) have been used. However, in the clinical setting, ZOL failed to improve the overall survival of cancer patients even though it inhibited osteoclast resorptive activity. Thus, other cells in addition to osteoclasts are likely involved in modulating tumor growth in the bone. The immune system has the ability to eliminate tumor cells. Nevertheless, tumor cells can acquire the ability to escape immune control. Our recent observations indicated that a decline in the ability of the immune cells to recognize and kill the tumor drives tumor dissemination to bone even when osteoclasts are inhibited by potent antiresorptive agents. This review focuses on the antitumor and protumor effects of various immune cell populations involved in the bone metastatic process. We also discuss strategies to enhance antitumor immune responses and bypass cancer immune resistance.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.