ArticleBMC public health2014
A cross-sectional study of geographic differences in health risk factors among young Australian adults: the role of socioeconomic position.
Article in BMC public health, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Are people in the bush really physically active? A systematic review and meta-analysis of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in rural Australians populations.Journal of global health · 2020Pooled it
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- Characterizing biomarkers of ageing in Singaporeans: the ABIOS observational study protocol.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Decomposition and Comparative Analysis of Urban-Rural Disparities in eHealth Literacy Among Chinese University Students: Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Low-to-Moderate Daytime Physical Activities Predicted Higher-Quality Sleep Among Habitually Active Agropastoralists.American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- Trends and disparities in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma related mortality in the United States, 1999-2020.PloS one · 2025Article
- Mapping the prevalence of cancer risk factors at the small area level in Australia.International journal of health geographics · 2023Article
- Likelihood of meeting physical activity guidelines in rural and urban adults: cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2021Article
- Student-Led Motivational Interviewing for Physical Activity Promotion among Rural Adults: A Feasibility and Acceptability Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Adult low-risk drinkers and abstainers are not the same.BMC public health · 2020Article
- Nurses' Attitudes toward, and Needs for Online Learning: Differences between Rural and Urban Hospitals in Shanghai, East China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- New Evidence on the Effect of Medical Insurance on the Obesity Risk of Rural Residents: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS, 2004-2011).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Neighbourhood disadvantage, geographic remoteness and body mass index among immigrants to Australia: A national cohort study 2006-2014.PloS one · 2018Article
- Population levels of, and inequalities in, active travel: A national, cross-sectional study of adults in Scotland.Preventive medicine reports · 2017Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundIt remains unclear why living outside of an urban environment affects aspects of health, particularly whether these differences can be explained by other factors such as socioeconomic position (SEP). The aim of this study was to compare health risk factors between metropolitan and non-metropolitan young Australian adults and examine whether socioeconomic position (SEP) mediates any differences.
methodsCross-sectional data came from an Australia-wide sample of 26-36 year-olds (n = 2567). Information on demographic characteristics, smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, physical activity (PA, mins/week) and mental health were collected by questionnaire, BMI from measured height and weight and daily steps using pedometers. Metropolitan versus non-metropolitan residence was classified from addresses. SEP included individual-level (education, occupation) and area-level measures. Prevalence ratios and ratio of means were calculated using log binomial, log multinomial and linear regression techniques.
resultsNon-metropolitan residents were less likely to meet 2 or more dietary guidelines, reported less leisure-time PA and active commuting but more occupational and domestic PA than metropolitan residents. Non-metropolitan women were more likely to smoke and be obese. No differences in mental health were found. After adjusting for SEP, differences remained significant except for leisure-time PA (men and women) and smoking (women).
conclusionsLiving outside metropolitan areas was associated with more risk factors in these young adults. Individual SEP and area-level disadvantage generally did not explain these differences, suggesting that a focus on geographic location as its own social determinant of health, beyond SEP, is warranted.
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