ArticlePharmaceutical research2015
Dependence of PEI and PAMAM Gene Delivery on Clathrin- and Caveolin-Dependent Trafficking Pathways.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Penetratin Decoration Increases RNAi Silencing Effects of Polymeric Carriers.Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- The Current State of the Art in PAMAM and PLL Dendrimers, Boron Clusters, and Their Complexes for Biomedical Use.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Nanoparticle-Based miRNA Therapeutics in Breast Cancer Highlighting Design Strategies and Translational Potential.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Exploring the Power of Metal-Free Click Transformations toward the Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Dendrimers for Applications in Drug Delivery.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Smart Inhalation Therapy: Boosting siRNA Efficacy with Inulin-Based Multifunctional Polymers.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- From Structure to Function: The Promise of PAMAM Dendrimers in Biomedical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Construction of Cationic Carbon Dots Carrying Survivin siRNA Delivery System and Its Active Targeting Therapy for Liver Cancer.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Fluorogenic Aptamer-Based Hybridization Chain Reaction for Signal-Amplified Imaging of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 in Living Cells.Biosensors · 2024Article
- A Comparison of Cellular Uptake Mechanisms, Delivery Efficacy, and Intracellular Fate between Liposomes and Extracellular Vesicles.Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Review
- A Polymeric Nanoparticle Formulation for Targeted mRNA Delivery to Fibroblasts.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Advanced Strategies for Overcoming Endosomal/Lysosomal Barrier in Nanodrug Delivery.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Review
- PAMAM versus PEI complexation for siRNA delivery: interaction with model lipid membranes and cellular uptake.Pharmaceutical research · 2022Article
- Endocytosis: The Nanoparticle and Submicron Nanocompounds Gateway into the Cell.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Glycyrrhizin Acid and Glycyrrhetinic Acid Modified Polyethyleneimine for Targeted DNA Delivery to Hepatocellular Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Pathways Governing Polyethylenimine Polyplex Transfection in Microporous Annealed Particle Scaffolds.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2019Article
- The Effect of Size and Shape of RNA Nanoparticles on Biodistribution.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2018Article
- Non-viral gene delivery systems for tissue repair and regeneration.Journal of translational medicine · 2018Review
- Novel PEI/Poly-γ-Gutamic Acid Nanoparticles for High Efficient siRNA and Plasmid DNA Co-Delivery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
- Comparison of the cellular transport mechanism of cationic, star-shaped polymers and liposomes in HaCat cells.International journal of nanomedicine · 2017Article
- Endocytic Transport of Polyplex and Lipoplex siRNA Vectors in HeLa Cells.Pharmaceutical research · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeNon-viral gene delivery vehicles such as polyethylenimine and polyamidoamine dendrimer effectively condense plasmid DNA, facilitate endocytosis, and deliver nucleic acid cargo to the nucleus in vitro. Better understanding of intracellular trafficking mechanisms involved in polymeric gene delivery is a prerequisite to clinical application. This study investigates the role of clathrin and caveolin endocytic pathways in cellular uptake and subsequent vector processing.
methodsWe formed 25-kD polyethylenimine (PEI) and generation 4 (G4) polyamidoamine (PAMAM) polyplexes at N/P 10 and evaluated internalization pathways and gene delivery in HeLa cells. Clathrin- and caveolin-dependent endocytosis inhibitors were used at varying concentrations to elucidate the roles of these important pathways.
resultsPEI and PAMAM polyplexes were internalized by both pathways. However, the amount of polyplex internalized poorly correlated with transgene expression. While the caveolin-dependent pathway generally led to effective gene delivery with both polymers, complete inhibition of the clathrin-dependent pathway was also deleterious to transfection with PEI polyplexes. Inhibition of one endocytic pathway may lead to an overall increase in uptake via unaffected pathways, suggesting the existence of compensatory endocytic mechanisms.
conclusionsThe well-studied clathrin- and caveolin-dependent endocytosis pathways are not necessarily independent, and perturbing one mechanism of trafficking influences the larger trafficking network.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.