ReviewFrontiers in physiology2014
Role of sinoatrial node architecture in maintaining a balanced source-sink relationship and synchronous cardiac pacemaking.
Review in Frontiers in physiology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Mechanisms of rectified gap junctional coupling enhancing pacemaking activity of biologically engineered pacemaker cells.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2026Article
- Stress-induced pacemaker desynchronization in the sinoatrial node.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- PITX2 dosage-dependent changes in pacemaker cell state underlie sinus node dysfunction and atrial arrhythmias.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Recent Advances of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes for Regenerative Medicine.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Sinoatrial Node Dynamics: Clinical Relevance and microRNA-Based Modulation of Pacemaker Activity.Cureus · 2025Review
- A novel perspective on the regulation of cardiac cell beating: cardiac cell under mechanical stimulation acts as "cell activation button" to activate adjacent cardiac cell.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Study of heart rate variability in healthy humans as a function of age: considerations on the contribution of the autonomic nervous system and the role of the sinoatrial node.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Editorial: The architecture of the human sinus node.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- Revealing alterations in heart rate fluctuations during the progression of Chagas disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Emergent activity, heterogeneity, and robustness in a calcium feedback model of the sinoatrial node.Biophysical journal · 2023Article
- Cardiac PDGFRαFASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2023Article
- Sinus node dysfunction: current understanding and future directions.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2023Review
- Article
- Virus-induced inhibition of cardiac pacemaker channel HCN4 triggers bradycardia in human-induced stem cell system.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Article
- An autonomously swimming biohybrid fish designed with human cardiac biophysics.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- Structural and Electrical Remodeling of the Sinoatrial Node in Diabetes: New Dimensions and Perspectives.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Implementing Biological Pacemakers: Design Criteria for Successful.Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology · 2021Review
- Adherens junction engagement regulates functional patterning of the cardiac pacemaker cell lineage.Developmental cell · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Normal heart rhythm (sinus rhythm) depends on regular activity of the sinoatrial node (SAN), a heterogeneous collection of specialized myocytes in the right atrium. SAN cells, in general, possess a unique electrophysiological profile that promotes spontaneous electrical activity (automaticity). However, while automaticity is required for normal pacemaking, it is not necessarily sufficient. Less appreciated is the importance of the elaborate structure of the SAN complex for proper pacemaker function. Here, we review the important structural features of the SAN with a focus on how these elements help manage a precarious balance between electrical charge generated by the SAN ("source") and the charge needed to excite the surrounding atrial tissue ("sink"). We also discuss how compromised "source-sink" balance due, for example to fibrosis, may promote SAN dysfunction, characterized by slow and/or asynchronous pacemaker activity and even failure, in the setting of cardiovascular disease (e.g., heart failure, atrial fibrillation). Finally, we discuss implications of the "source-sink" balance in the SAN complex for cell and gene therapies aimed at creating a biological pacemaker as replacement or bridge to conventional electronic pacemakers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.