ArticleDepression and anxiety2015
A prospective study of severe irritability in youths: 2- and 4-year follow-up.
Article in Depression and anxiety, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding irritability through the lens of self-regulatory control processes in children and adolescents: a systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Diagnostic instruments for the assessment of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder: a systematic review of the literature.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- The Status of Irritability in Psychiatry: A Conceptual and Quantitative Review.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial of Citalopram Adjunctive to Stimulant Medication in Youth With Chronic Severe Irritability.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2020Trial
- Interpersonal psychotherapy for mood and behavior dysregulation: Pilot randomized trial.Depression and anxiety · 2018Trial
- An Open Pilot Study of Training Hostile Interpretation Bias to Treat Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2016Trial
- Article
- Is Irritability a Top Problem in Youth Mental Health Care? A Multi-informant, Multi-method Investigation.Child psychiatry and human development · 2023Article
- Underlying mechanisms of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in children: A systematic review by means of research domain criteria.JCPP advances · 2022Review
- Examination of the importance of anger/irritability and limited prosocial emotion/callous-unemotional traits to understand externalizing symptoms and adjustment problems in adolescence: A 10-year longitudinal study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Chronic Irritability in Youth: A Reprise on Challenges and Opportunities Toward Meeting Unmet Clinical Needs.Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America · 2021Review
- How and Why Are Irritability and Depression Linked?Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America · 2021Review
- Excitability and irritability in preschoolers predicts later psychopathology: The importance of positive and negative emotion dysregulation.Development and psychopathology · 2019Article
- Do we need an irritable subtype of ADHD? Replication and extension of a promising temperament profile approach to ADHD subtyping.Psychological assessment · 2019Article
- Empirically derived patterns of psychiatric symptoms in youth: A latent profile analysis.Journal of affective disorders · 2017Article
- Predictors of Later Psychopathology in Young Children with Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2017Article
- Perinatal and postnatal risk factors for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder at age 11: 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study.Journal of affective disorders · 2017Article
- Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder at the age of 6 years and clinical and functional outcomes 3 years later.Psychological medicine · 2016Article
- Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder in a Community Mental Health Clinic: Prevalence, Comorbidity and Correlates.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2016Article
- Longitudinal Associations Between Preschool Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Symptoms and Neural Reactivity to Monetary Reward During Preadolescence.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSevere, chronic irritability is receiving increased research attention, and is the cardinal symptom of a new diagnostic category, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). Although data from epidemiological community samples suggest that childhood chronic irritability predicts unipolar depression and anxiety in adulthood, whether these symptoms are stable and cause ongoing clinical impairment is unknown. The present study presents 4-year prospective and longitudinal diagnostic and impairment data on a clinical sample of children selected for symptoms of severe irritability (operationalized as severe mood dysregulation [SMD]).
methodsYouth meeting criteria for SMD (n = 200) were evaluated at baseline using standard diagnostic methods. Two-year (n = 78) and 4-year (n = 46) follow-up diagnostic and clinical impairment ratings collected at 6-month intervals were completed with those youths enrolled in the study for a sufficient time.
resultsAlthough the number of youth meeting strict categorical SMD criteria declined over time (49 and 40% at 2 and 4 years, respectively), many individuals not meeting full criteria continued to display clinically significant irritability symptoms (2 years: 42%; 4 years: 37%). Impairment due to these irritability symptoms remained consistently in the moderate range on the Clinical Global Impressions Scale.
conclusionsBy the 4-year follow-up, only 40% of youths meet strict SMD criteria; however, most continue to display clinically impairing symptoms and significant impairment warranting psychiatric treatment. These findings provide evidence for the course of irritability, with implications for DMDD. Future research with populations meeting DMDD criteria and followed through the ages of high risk for psychiatric diagnoses is necessary.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.