Trial reportPLoS pathogens2014
Initiation of ART during early acute HIV infection preserves mucosal Th17 function and reverses HIV-related immune activation.
Trial report in PLoS pathogens, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02475915 (A Randomized Study to Compare the Efficacy of Vorinostat/Hydroxychloroquine/Maraviroc), which is not on this map. Cited by 177 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Study to Compare the Efficacy of Vorinostat/Hydroxychloroquine/Maraviroc (VHM) in Controlling HIV After Treatment Interruption in Subjects Who Initiated ART During Acute HIV Infection
Who cites it
177 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 257 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Hitchhiker Guide to CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Acute and early HIV infection screening among men who have sex with men, a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Pooled it
- Guideline
- Discordant Immune Response with Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-1: A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Identification of novel HIV-1 dependency factors in primary CCR4(+)CCR6(+)Th17 cells via a genome-wide transcriptional approach.Retrovirology · 2015Pooled it
- Dolutegravir/Abacavir/Lamivudine in Acute HIV-1 Results in Rapid Suppression and Restoration of CD4 T-cell Subsets Without Accelerated Decay of Latent HIV-1.Open forum infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Fecal microbiota transplantation alters the proteomic landscape of inflammation in HIV: identifying bacterial drivers.Microbiome · 2024Trial
- Plasmacytoid dendritic cells sense HIV replication before detectable viremia following treatment interruption.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Trial
- Different pattern of stool and plasma gastrointestinal damage biomarkers during primary and chronic HIV infection.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Sustained Sexual Behavior Change After Acute HIV Diagnosis in Malawi.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2018Trial
- A randomized controlled clinical trial on the impact of CCR5 blockade with maraviroc in early infection on T-cell dynamics.Medicine · 2016Trial
- Effects of Combined CCR5/Integrase Inhibitors-Based Regimen on Mucosal Immunity in HIV-Infected Patients Naïve to Antiretroviral Therapy: A Pilot Randomized Trial.PLoS pathogens · 2016Trial
- Mucosal-associated invariant T cells respond to colonic microbiome alterations during acute HIV infection.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Factors Associated With Viral Suppression Among People Living With HIV (PLWH) in Kermanshah, Iran: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Constitutive natural killer cell features associated with post-treatment control of SIV infection in the pVISCONTI study.Nature communications · 2026Article
- HIV cure after HCT: 7 horses seem to be on the mark.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Comparative Evaluation of the New HIV VIDAS® DUO AG/AB Assay With DUO Ultra on Well Characterized Participants From the HIV-1 Acute Infection French ANRS PRIMO Cohort.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Pre-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection Th17 CD4+ T cells as predictors of early HIV disease progression.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Dynamics of natural and pharmacologic control of an SIV variant with an envelope trafficking defect.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Conformational dynamics of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein from CRF01_AE is associated with susceptibility to antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.Journal of virology · 2026Article
117 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
28 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Mucosal Th17 cells play an important role in maintaining gut epithelium integrity and thus prevent microbial translocation. Chronic HIV infection is characterized by mucosal Th17 cell depletion, microbial translocation and subsequent immune-activation, which remain elevated despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) correlating with increased mortality. However, when Th17 depletion occurs following HIV infection is unknown. We analyzed mucosal Th17 cells in 42 acute HIV infection (AHI) subjects (Fiebig (F) stage I-V) with a median duration of infection of 16 days and the short-term impact of early initiation of ART. Th17 cells were defined as IL-17+ CD4+ T cells and their function was assessed by the co-expression of IL-22, IL-2 and IFNγ. While intact during FI/II, depletion of mucosal Th17 cell numbers and function was observed during FIII correlating with local and systemic markers of immune-activation. ART initiated at FI/II prevented loss of Th17 cell numbers and function, while initiation at FIII restored Th17 cell numbers but not their polyfunctionality. Furthermore, early initiation of ART in FI/II fully reversed the initially observed mucosal and systemic immune-activation. In contrast, patients treated later during AHI maintained elevated mucosal and systemic CD8+ T-cell activation post initiation of ART. These data support a loss of Th17 cells at early stages of acute HIV infection, and highlight that studies of ART initiation during early AHI should be further explored to assess the underlying mechanism of mucosal Th17 function preservation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.