ReviewThe ISME journal2015
Using the class 1 integron-integrase gene as a proxy for anthropogenic pollution.
Review in The ISME journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 297 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
297 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,270 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Dust from Kindergarten Environments: A Systematic Review of Occurrence, Diversity, Determinants, and Exposure Implications.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Pooled it
- Metagenome meta-analysis reveals an increase in the abundance of some multidrug efflux pumps and mobile genetic elements in chemically polluted environments.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Biofilm Source Shapes the Tolerance to Short-Term Ciprofloxacin Exposure.Environmental microbiology reports · 2026Article
- Urban-Adjacent Soils as a Global Reservoir of Toxigenic and Antimicrobial-ResistantInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- GlobalEnvironmental science and ecotechnology · 2026Article
- Horse racing towards antibiotic resistance. Accompanying animals as a source of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.Journal of applied genetics · 2026Review
- Soil management practices shape the abundance, diversity, and spread of antimicrobial resistance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial resistance in wastewater-impacted coastal waters: implications for environmental surveillance and public health.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2026Article
- Integrated qPCR and Shotgun Metagenomics for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Municipal Wastewater from Central Italy.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Systematic citywide analysis reveals ecological connectivity of antimicrobial resistance genes across urban water systems.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Baseline Investigation of Non-Wild-Type Bacterial Indicators and Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Urban Wastewater from Patras, Greece.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Insights into the Mechanisms Driving the Dynamics of Antibiotic Resistance Genes During Pig Manure Composting.Toxics · 2026Article
- Phenotypic and genomic insights into Stenotrophomonas sepilia SMBL8: metabolic versatility, antibiotic resistance and pathogenic potential.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Article
- Dairy manure reception pits as reservoirs of extracellular DNA-associated antibiotic resistance genes.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Eco-Geography Reverses Dominant AMR Reservoirs in Klebsiella pneumoniae: Integron-Rich Mobilomes and Cross-Niche Connectivity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The mobile resistome in the water-soil-air nexus: horizontal gene transfer and environmental dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2026Review
- Icariin shapes post-withdrawal fecal resistome dynamics in layer hens.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Long-Term Application of Fermented Fertilizer Attenuates the Accumulation of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Aquaculture Sediment.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Dynamics of the Microbiome and Antibiotic Resistome in Hyper-Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Cattle Manure Assisted with Granular Activated Carbon.ACS environmental Au · 2026Article
- West Siberian Soil Resistome: Mobile Antibiotic Resistance in Agricultural Microbiomes.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
237 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Around all human activity, there are zones of pollution with pesticides, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, personal care products and the microorganisms associated with human waste streams and agriculture. This diversity of pollutants, whose concentration varies spatially and temporally, is a major challenge for monitoring. Here, we suggest that the relative abundance of the clinical class 1 integron-integrase gene, intI1, is a good proxy for pollution because: (1) intI1 is linked to genes conferring resistance to antibiotics, disinfectants and heavy metals; (2) it is found in a wide variety of pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria; (3) its abundance can change rapidly because its host cells can have rapid generation times and it can move between bacteria by horizontal gene transfer; and (4) a single DNA sequence variant of intI1 is now found on a wide diversity of xenogenetic elements, these being complex mosaic DNA elements fixed through the agency of human selection. Here we review the literature examining the relationship between anthropogenic impacts and the abundance of intI1, and outline an approach by which intI1 could serve as a proxy for anthropogenic pollution.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.