Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25498759›Full record

ArticleParasites & vectors2014

DNA barcoding: complementing morphological identification of mosquito species in Singapore.

Abigail Chan, Lee-Pei Chiang, Hapuarachchige C Hapuarachchi, Cheong-Huat Tan, Sook-Cheng Pang, Ruth Lee, Kim-Sung Lee, Lee-Ching Ng, Sai-Gek Lam-Phua

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Parasites & vectors, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
92citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

92 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Barcoding Quantitative PCR Assay to Distinguish BetweenTropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025
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32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Abigail ChanEnvironmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios Block, #06-05/08, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. abigail_chan@nea.gov.sg.
Lee-Pei ChiangShizenature Pte Ltd, 3016, Eastech, Bedok North Avenue 4, #02-13, Singapore, 489947, Singapore. lipasein@yodenza.com.
Hapuarachchige C HapuarachchiEnvironmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios Block, #06-05/08, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. chanditha_hapuarachchi@nea.gov.sg.
Cheong-Huat TanEnvironmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios Block, #06-05/08, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. tan_cheong_huat@nea.gov.sg.
Sook-Cheng PangEnvironmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios Block, #06-05/08, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. pang_sook_cheng@nea.gov.sg.
Ruth LeeEnvironmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios Block, #06-05/08, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. ruth_lee@nea.gov.sg.
Kim-Sung LeeSchool of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 535, Clementi Road, Singapore, 599489, Singapore. lks9@np.edu.sg.
Lee-Ching NgEnvironmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios Block, #06-05/08, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. ng_lee_ching@nea.gov.sg.
Sai-Gek Lam-PhuaEnvironmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 11 Biopolis Way, Helios Block, #06-05/08, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. lam-phua_sai_gek@nea.gov.sg.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTaxonomy that utilizes morphological characteristics has been the gold standard method to identify mosquito species. However, morphological identification is challenging when the expertise is limited and external characters are damaged because of improper specimen handling. Therefore, we explored the applicability of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene-based DNA barcoding as an alternative tool to identify mosquito species. In the present study, we compared the morphological identification of mosquito specimens with their differentiation based on COI barcode, in order to establish a more reliable identification system for mosquito species found in Singapore.

methodsWe analysed 128 adult mosquito specimens, belonging to 45 species of 13 genera. Phylogenetic trees were constructed for Aedes, Anopheles, Culex and other genera of mosquitoes and the distinctive clustering of different species was compared with their taxonomic identity.

resultsThe COI-based DNA barcoding achieved a 100% success rate in identifying the mosquito species. We also report COI barcode sequences of 16 mosquito species which were not available previously in sequence databases.

conclusionsOur study utilised for the first time DNA barcoding to identify mosquito species in Singapore. COI-based DNA barcoding is a useful tool to complement taxonomy-based identification of mosquito species.

Indexed as

Animal DistributionAnimalsCulicidaeDNA Barcoding, TaxonomicElectron Transport Complex IVGene Expression Regulation, EnzymologicMitochondriaPhylogenySingaporeElectron Transport Complex IV

Identifiers

PMID25498759
PMCPMC4282734

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.