Trial reportPloS one2014
Complexity-Based Measures Inform Effects of Tai Chi Training on Standing Postural Control: Cross-Sectional and Randomized Trial Studies.
Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Tai Chi, Physiologic Complexity, and Healthy Aging
Caring for Caregivers With Mind-body Exercise
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2018Pooled it
- Medial parapatellar surgical approach leads to greater loss of postural sway complexity compared to mid-vastus approach in women undergoing total knee arthroplasty.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of the power centering for seniors intervention on physical functional performance in older community-dwelling adults: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Long-term Tai Chi practice in older adults is associated with "younger" functional abilities.Aging cell · 2024Trial
- Investigating Inter- and Intra-individual Differences in Tai Chi Practice Time, Pain, and Mood Among Participants with Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of integrative and complementary medicine · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Complexity-Based Measures of Heart Rate Dynamics in Older Adults Following Long- and Short-Term Tai Chi Training: Cross-sectional and Randomized Trial Studies.Scientific reports · 2019Trial
- The Mind Body-Wellness in Supportive Housing (Mi-WiSH) study: Design and rationale of a cluster randomized controlled trial of Tai Chi in senior housing.Contemporary clinical trials · 2017Trial
- Protocol for the MATCH study (Mindfulness and Tai Chi for cancer health): A preference-based multi-site randomized comparative effectiveness trial (CET) of Mindfulness-Based Cancer Recovery (MBCR) vs. Tai Chi/Qigong (TCQ) for cancer survivors.Contemporary clinical trials · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Cortical adaptations in Tai Chi practitioners during sensory conflict: an EEG-based effective connectivity analysis of postural control.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Changes in postural stability induced by a ball-and-board game designed from a systems perspective.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Remote monitoring of Tai Chi balance training interventions in older adults using wearable sensors and machine learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Quantification of changes in balance control with tasks and injury using detrending methods for time series analysis.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Study on stability differences in heel kick movements of Tai Chi athletes based on statistical parametric mapping.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Effect of traditional Chinese exercises on motor function, balance, gait, and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Remote Monitoring of Tai Chi Balance Training Interventions in Older Adults Using Wearable Sensors and Machine Learning.Research square · 2024Article
- Sensory reweighting and self-motion perception for postural control under single-sensory and multisensory perturbations in older Tai Chi practitioners.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2024Article
- The effects of Tai Chi on standing balance control in older adults may be attributed to the improvement of sensory reweighting and complexity rather than reduced sway velocity or amplitude.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- The effects of cognitive impairment on the multi-scale dynamics of standing postural control during visual-search in older men.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDiminished control of standing balance, traditionally indicated by greater postural sway magnitude and speed, is associated with falls in older adults. Tai Chi (TC) is a multisystem intervention that reduces fall risk, yet its impact on sway measures vary considerably. We hypothesized that TC improves the integrated function of multiple control systems influencing balance, quantifiable by the multi-scale "complexity" of postural sway fluctuations.
objectivesTo evaluate both traditional and complexity-based measures of sway to characterize the short- and potential long-term effects of TC training on postural control and the relationships between sway measures and physical function in healthy older adults.
methodsA cross-sectional comparison of standing postural sway in healthy TC-naïve and TC-expert (24.5±12 yrs experience) adults. TC-naïve participants then completed a 6-month, two-arm, wait-list randomized clinical trial of TC training. Postural sway was assessed before and after the training during standing on a force-plate with eyes-open (EO) and eyes-closed (EC). Anterior-posterior (AP) and medio-lateral (ML) sway speed, magnitude, and complexity (quantified by multiscale entropy) were calculated. Single-legged standing time and Timed-Up-and-Go tests characterized physical function.
resultsAt baseline, compared to TC-naïve adults (n = 60, age 64.5±7.5 yrs), TC-experts (n = 27, age 62.8±7.5 yrs) exhibited greater complexity of sway in the AP EC (P = 0.023), ML EO (P<0.001), and ML EC (P<0.001) conditions. Traditional measures of sway speed and magnitude were not significantly lower among TC-experts. Intention-to-treat analyses indicated no significant effects of short-term TC training; however, increases in AP EC and ML EC complexity amongst those randomized to TC were positively correlated with practice hours (P = 0.044, P = 0.018). Long- and short-term TC training were positively associated with physical function.
conclusionMultiscale entropy offers a complementary approach to traditional COP measures for characterizing sway during quiet standing, and may be more sensitive to the effects of TC in healthy adults.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01340365.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.