ArticlePloS one2014
Novel Anti-Nicotine Vaccine Using a Trimeric Coiled-Coil Hapten Carrier.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- NICBrain sciences · 2025Article
- Peptide-based supramolecular vaccine systems.Acta biomaterialia · 2021Review
- Article
- Advances in smoking cessation pharmacotherapy: Non-nicotinic approaches in animal models.Neuropharmacology · 2020Review
- Modulation of immune responses using adjuvants to facilitate therapeutic vaccination.Immunological reviews · 2020Review
- Protein Supramolecular Structures: From Self-Assembly to Nanovaccine Design.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Effects of a methamphetamine vaccine, IXT-v100, on methamphetamine-related behaviors.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- Antibody production and pharmacokinetics of METH in rats following vaccination with the METH vaccine, IXT-v100, adjuvanted with GLA-SE.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Article
- Article
- Epitope targeting with self-assembled peptide vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2019Article
- Rationalization of a nanoparticle-based nicotine nanovaccine as an effective next-generation nicotine vaccine: A focus on hapten localization.Biomaterials · 2017Article
- Self-Assembling Peptide Epitopes as Novel Platform for Anticancer Vaccination.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2017Article
- Engineering of a hybrid nanoparticle-based nicotine nanovaccine as a next-generation immunotherapeutic strategy against nicotine addiction: A focus on hapten density.Biomaterials · 2017Article
- Article
- Biologics to treat substance use disorders: Current status and new directions.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Review
- A simple physiologically based pharmacokinetic model evaluating the effect of anti-nicotine antibodies on nicotine disposition in the brains of rats and humans.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2016Article
- Article
- Optimization of a methamphetamine conjugate vaccine for antibody production in mice.International immunopharmacology · 2016Article
- The frequency of early-activated hapten-specific B cell subsets predicts the efficacy of vaccines for nicotine dependence.Vaccine · 2015Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tobacco addiction represents one of the largest public health problems in the world and is the leading cause of cancer and heart disease, resulting in millions of deaths a year. Vaccines for smoking cessation have shown considerable promise in preclinical models, although functional antibody responses induced in humans are only modestly effective in preventing nicotine entry into the brain. The challenge in generating serum antibodies with a large nicotine binding capacity is made difficult by the fact that this drug is non-immunogenic and must be conjugated as a hapten to a protein carrier. To circumvent the limitations of traditional carriers like keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), we have synthesized a short trimeric coiled-coil peptide (TCC) that creates a series of B and T cell epitopes with uniform stoichiometry and high density. Here we compared the relative activities of a TCC-nic vaccine and two control KLH-nic vaccines using Alum as an adjuvant or GLA-SE, which contains a synthetic TLR4 agonist formulated in a stable oil-in-water emulsion. The results showed that the TCC's high hapten density correlated with a better immune response in mice as measured by anti-nicotine Ab titer, affinity, and specificity, and was responsible for a reduction in anti-carrier immunogenicity. The Ab responses achieved with this synthetic vaccine resulted in a nicotine binding capacity in serum that could prevent >90% of a nicotine dose equivalent to three smoked cigarettes (0.05 mg/kg) from reaching the brain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.