ArticleFood science & nutrition2014
Reduction in blood pressure and serum lipids by lycosome formulation of dark chocolate and lycopene in prehypertension.
Article in Food science & nutrition, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of carotenoid supplementation on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of cocoa on blood pressure.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Markers of Hypoxia and Oxidative Stress in Aging Volunteers Ingesting Lycosomal Formulation of Dark Chocolate Containing Astaxanthin.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2018Trial
- Procyanidin B2-induced LKB1-AMPK activation mitigates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through inhibition of mTOR signaling.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2025Article
- Dietary carotenoids to improve hypertension.Heliyon · 2023Review
- The landscape of potential health benefits of carotenoids as natural supportive therapeutics in protecting against Coronavirus infection.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2022Review
- Effect of Lycopene Supplementation on Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Markers of Endothelial Function in Iranian Patients with Ischemic Heart Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Cardiology research and practice · 2022Article
- Cocoa Polyphenols and Gut Microbiota Interplay: Bioavailability, Prebiotic Effect, and Impact on Human Health.Nutrients · 2020Review
- (-)-Epicatechin Reduces the Blood Pressure of Young Borderline Hypertensive Rats During the Post-Treatment Period.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Reduction of elevated lipids and low-density lipoprotein oxidation in serum of individuals with subclinical hypoxia and oxidative stress supplemented with lycosome formulation of docosahexaenoic acid.Food science & nutrition · 2019Article
- Ingestion of Lycosome L-tug Formulation of Dark Chocolate Ameliorates Postprandial Hyperlipidemia and Hyperglycemia in Healthy Volunteers.Advances in preventive medicine · 2019Article
- Continuous Dark Chocolate Consumption Affects Human Facial Skin Surface by Stimulating Corneocyte Desquamation and Promoting Bacterial Colonization.The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology · 2018Article
- Effect of lycopene supplementation on cardiovascular parameters and markers of inflammation and oxidation in patients with coronary vascular disease.Food science & nutrition · 2018Article
- Reduction of Liver Span and Parameters of Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients Treated with Lycosome Formulation of Phosphatidylcholine: A Preliminary Report.International journal of chronic diseases · 2018Article
- Effect of Lycosome-Formulated Phosphatidylcholine on Parameters of Biological Oxidation after Single Intake of Moderate Amount of Alcohol.Advances in preventive medicine · 2018Article
- Dark Chocolate: Opportunity for an Alliance between Medical Science and the Food Industry?Frontiers in nutrition · 2017Article
- Cocobiota: Implications for Human Health.Journal of nutrition and metabolism · 2016Review
- Pharmacokinetics and Oxidation Parameters in Volunteers Supplemented with Microencapsulated Docosahexaenoic Acid.International journal of applied & basic medical researchArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Twenty-nine healthy volunteers aged 47-69 years old were randomly assigned to a 28-day oral intake of different dark chocolate (DC) formulations. The main group received daily 30 g of proprietary lycopene-containing (L-tug) lycosome formulation of DC with enhanced bioavailability of cocoa flavanols. Two control groups daily consumed either 30 g of regular DC alone or along with 7 mg of lycopene, which corresponds to the amount of lycopene ingested with L-tug formulation. It was found that L-tug was more efficient in reducing diastolic blood pressure (mean value of -6.22 mmHg, 95% CI: 5.00, 8.00) when compared with the regular DC group (-3.00 mmHg, P < 0.05) or the group which ingested the DC and lycopene as two separate formulations (mean reduction of -4 mmHg, 95% CI: 2.47, 6.00, P = 0.0262). Only marginal superiority for L-tug formulation in the reduction in systolic blood pressure was seen. However, the L-tug formulation was the only formulation of DC which affected serum lipids. There was a reduction in total cholesterol (from median 228.00 mg/dL [95% CI: 206.2, 242.5] to 187.00 mg/dL [95% CI: 166.2, 202.2, P < 0.05]) with corresponding decline of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (from a median of 166.00 mg/dL [95% CI: 130.8, 177.0] to 151.00 mg/dL [95% CI: 122.8, 167.4; P < 0.05]) at the end of the intervention period. Similar decline was seen in serum triglycerides (P < 0.05). Serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, glucose levels, and C-reactive protein (CRP) values remained statistically unchanged in all study groups throughout the intervention period. A superior biological activity of the L-tug lycosome formulation of DC extending beyond its antihypertensive effect to lipid-lowering ability opens up new possibilities for the use of DC for health purposes helping to reduce daily caloric intake without compromising on the health benefits of DC consumption.
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