ArticleCancer cell international2014
Acidic extracellular pH promotes epithelial mesenchymal transition in Lewis lung carcinoma model.
Article in Cancer cell international, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Acid stress modulates metabolo-inflammatory pathways in oral epithelial cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- The symbiotic axis between the acidic tumor microenvironment and cancer stem cells: a driver of malignancy and therapeutic resistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Magnetic resonance imaging differentiating benign from malignant bone and soft tissue tumors and assessing Ki-67 expression using APT and DWI tools.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Hypoxic microenvironment in cancer: role in metabolic reprogramming.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Nanoprecipitation and Drug Delivery with PMTC: Toward Biomedical Application of Polyesters from Radical Ring-Opening Polymerization.Macromolecular bioscience · 2026Article
- Progressive Deactivation of Hydroxylases Controls Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α-Coordinated Cellular Adaptation to Graded Hypoxia.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Intracellular pH differentially regulates transcription of metabolic and signaling pathways in normal epithelial cells.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2024Article
- Clinical significance of acidic extracellular microenvironment modulated genes.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- The Nexus of Inflammation-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Lung Cancer Progression: A Roadmap to Pentacyclic Triterpenoid-Based Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Acidic Growth Conditions Promote Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition to Select More Aggressive PDAC Cell Phenotypes In Vitro.Cancers · 2023Article
- Quantitative proteomics identified a novel invasion biomarker associated with EMT in pituitary adenomas.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Targeting hypoxia regulated sodium driven bicarbonate transporters reduces triple negative breast cancer metastasis.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2022Article
- The Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition at the Crossroads between Metabolism and Tumor Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Type-2 epithelial-mesenchymal transition in oral mucosal nonneoplastic diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- A reciprocal feedback of miR-548ac/YB-1/Snail induces EndMT of HUVECs during acidity microenvironment.Cancer cell international · 2021Article
- The Warburg effect as a therapeutic target for bladder cancers and intratumoral heterogeneity in associated molecular targets.Cancer science · 2021Article
- FOXH1 promotes lung cancer progression by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Cancer cell international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEpithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is thought to be an essential feature of malignant tumor cells when they spread into the stroma. Despite the extracellular acidity of tumor tissues, the effect of acidic extracellular pH (pH e ) on EMT in carcinoma models, including the Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) model, remains unclear.
methodsHigh and low metastatic LLC variants were generated by repeated tail vein injection of metastatic cells. DMEM/F12 medium, which has been supplemented with 15 mM HEPES, 4 mM phosphoric acid, and 1 g/L NaHCO3 and adjusted to the desire pH with HCl or NaOH, was used for cell culture. EMT marker gene expression was determined by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Migration and invasion activities were analyzed by wound healing assay and the Boyden chamber assay through Matrigel®, respectively.
resultsLow metastatic variant LLCm1 cells showed a cobble-stone like morphology at pH e 7.4. At pH e 6.8, however, their morphology became fibroblastic, similar in shape to high metastatic variant LLCm4 cells. Steady state levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (Mmp9) mRNA were induced by acidic pH e , maximizing at pH 6.8, with the levels of Mmp9 mRNA higher in LLCm4 than in LLCm1 cells. Both variants showed decreased levels of E-cadherin and increased levels of vimentin at pH e 6.8. Acidic pH e also induced expression of mRNAs encoding the E-cadherin repressors, Zeb2, Twist1 and Twist2, as well as enhancing cell motility and in vitro invasion through Matrigel®.
conclusionsAcidic pH e can induce EMT in some types of carcinoma.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.