ArticleBMC psychiatry2014
Chronic multisite pain in major depression and bipolar disorder: cross-sectional study of 149,611 participants in UK Biobank.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chronic pain in mental disorders: An umbrella review of the prevalence, risk factors, and treatments across 957,168 people with mental disorders and 16,606,910 controls.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of chronic pain in the UK: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population studies.BMJ open · 2016Pooled it
- Chronic pain in a modern virally suppressed HIV cohort is associated with disability and poorer mental health.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- Genetic risk of chronic pain conditions associated with risk of suicide death through an integrative analysis of EHR and genomics data.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Polygenic risk score-guided personalized osteoporosis screening: a population-based study.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Timing of depressive episode onset relative to chronic pain reveals distinct patterns of affective and multisite pain.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Associations between negative symptoms and thermal pain perception in bipolar I disorder.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2025Article
- Patterns of shared genetic risk between chronic pain, psychopathologies, and neuroticism.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2025Article
- Robustly measuring multimorbidity using disparate linked datasets.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Maladaptive Compensatory Neural Mechanisms Associated with Activity-Related Osteoarthritis Pain: Dissociation of Psychological and Activity-Related Neural Mechanisms of WOMAC Pain and VAS Pain.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The inflammatory and genetic mechanisms underlying the cumulative effect of co-occurring pain conditions on depression.Science advances · 2025Article
- Genome-wide by trait interaction analyses with neuroticism reveal chronic pain-associated depression as a distinct genetic subtype.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Pain in women with and without bipolar spectrum disorder.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- Article
- Association Between Poor Pain Control and Sensory Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- The pain and mental health comorbidity.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- Multimorbidity and the risk of malnutrition, frailty and sarcopenia in adults with cancer in the UK Biobank.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2024Article
- Is There an Association Between Lateralization of Chronic Pain in the Body and Depression?The journal of pain · 2024Article
- The associations of chronic pain and 24-h movement behaviors with incident mental disorders: evidence from a large-scale cohort study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Variability in the prevalence of depression among adults with chronic pain: UK Biobank analysis through clinical prediction models.BMC medicine · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChronic pain has a strong association with major depressive disorder (MDD), but there is a relative paucity of studies on the association between chronic multisite pain and bipolar disorder (BD). Such studies are required to help elucidate the complex biological and psychological overlap between pain and mood disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between chronic multisite pain and mood disorder across the unipolar-bipolar spectrum.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 149,611 UK Biobank participants. Self-reported depressive and bipolar features were used to categorise participants into MDD and BD groups and a non-mood disordered comparison group. Multinomial logistic regression was used to establish whether there was an association between extent of chronic pain (independent variable) and mood disorder category (dependent variable), using no pain as the referent category, and adjusting for a wide range of potential sociodemographic, lifestyle and comorbidity confounders.
resultsMultisite pain was significantly more prevalent in participants with BD and MDD, for example, 4-7 pain sites: BD 5.8%, MDD 4.5%, and comparison group 1.8% (p < 0.001). A relationship was observed between extent of chronic pain and risk of BD and persisted after adjusting for confounders (relative to individuals with no chronic pain): 2-3 sites RRR of BD 1.84 (95% CI 1.61, 2.11); 4-7 sites RRR of BD 2.39 (95% CI 1.88, 3.03) and widespread pain RRR of BD 2.37 (95% CI 1.73, 3.23). A similar relationship was observed between chronic pain and MDD: 2-3 sites RRR of MDD 1.59 (95% CI 1.54, 1.65); 4-7 sites RRR of MDD 2.13 (95% CI 1.98, 2.30); widespread pain RRR of MDD 1.86 (95% CI 1.66, 2.08).
conclusionsIndividuals who report chronic pain and multiple sites of pain are more likely to have MDD and are at higher risk of BD. These findings highlight an important aspect of comorbidity in MDD and BD and may have implications for understanding the shared neurobiology of chronic pain and mood disorders.
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