ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2014
Prevalence of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors in middle-class urban participants in India.
Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Low quality cardiovascular care is important coronary risk factor in India.Indian heart journal · 2018Pooled it
- Effect of Almond Supplementation on Glycemia and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Asian Indians in North India with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 24-Week Study.Metabolic syndrome and related disorders · 2017Trial
- Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Inflammatory Markers NLR, PLR, IL-6, and HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Hospital Based Study.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2025Article
- Latent class analysis of chronic disease co-occurrence, clustering and their determinants in India using Study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) India Wave-2.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular risk, fatty liver disease, glucose and insulin curve among prediabetes phenotypes in Peruvian population.American journal of medicine open · 2022Article
- Cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in COVID-19: A hospital-based study in India.PLOS global public health · 2022Article
- Burden of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Cardiometabolic Traits and Their Heritability Estimates in Endogamous Ethnic Groups of India: Findings From the INDIGENIUS Consortium.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Lifetime risk to progress from pre-diabetes to type 2 diabetes among women and men: comparison between American Diabetes Association and World Health Organization diagnostic criteria.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Article
- Rationale, study design and methodology of the LANDMARC trial: a 3-year, pan-India, prospective, longitudinal study to assess management and real-world outcomes of diabetes mellitus.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2020Article
- Risk of developing Diabetes Mellitus among urban poor South Indian population using Indian Diabetes Risk Score.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2019Article
- Observational
- Article
- Identifying gaps in the continuum of care for hypertension and diabetes in two Indian communities.BMC health services research · 2017Article
- Risk factors for low high-density lipoprotein among Asian Indians in the United States.World journal of diabetes · 2017Article
- Perceptions and practices related to diabetes reported by persons with diabetes attending diabetic care clinics: The India 11-city 9-state study.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2016Article
- Situational analysis of services for diabetes and diabetic retinopathy and evaluation of programs for the detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy in India: Methods for the India 11-city 9-state study.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2016Article
- Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control of Diabetes Mellitus in a Chinese Population.PloS one · 2016Article
- Evaluation of statin prescriptions in type 2 diabetes: India Heart Watch-2.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2016Article
- PROMETHEUS: an observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study of hypertriglyceridemia in Russia.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2015Observational
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15 authors.
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Abstract
objectivesTo determine the prevalence of diabetes and awareness, treatment and control of cardiovascular risk factors in population-based participants in India.
methodsA study was conducted in 11 cities in different regions of India using cluster sampling. Participants were evaluated for demographic, biophysical, and biochemical risk factors. 6198 participants were recruited, and in 5359 participants (86.4%, men 55%), details of diabetes (known or fasting glucose >126 mg/dL), hypertension (known or blood pressure >140/>90 mm Hg), hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol >200 mg/dL), low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (men <40, women <50 mg/dL), hypertriglyceridemia (>150 mg/dL), and smoking/tobacco use were available. Details of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were also obtained.
resultsThe age-adjusted prevalence (%) of diabetes was 15.7 (95% CI 14.8 to 16.6; men 16.7, women 14.4) and that of impaired fasting glucose was 17.8 (16.8 to 18.7; men 17.7, women 18.0). In participants with diabetes, 27.6% were undiagnosed, drug treatment was in 54.1% and control (fasting glucose ≤130 mg/dL) in 39.6%. Among participants with diabetes versus those without, prevalence of hypertension was 73.1 (67.2 to 75.0) vs 26.5 (25.2 to 27.8), hypercholesterolemia 41.4 (38.3 to 44.5) vs 14.7 (13.7 to 15.7), hypertriglyceridemia 71.0 (68.1 to 73.8) vs 30.2 (28.8 to 31.5), low HDL cholesterol 78.5 (75.9 to 80.1) vs 37.1 (35.7 to 38.5), and smoking/smokeless tobacco use in 26.6 (23.8 to 29.4) vs 14.4 (13.4 to 15.4; p<0.001). Awareness, treatment, and control, respectively, of hypertension were 79.9%, 48.7%, and 40.7% and those of hypercholesterolemia were 61.0%, 19.1%, and 45.9%, respectively.
conclusionsIn the urban Indian middle class, more than a quarter of patients with diabetes are undiagnosed and the status of control is low. Cardiovascular risk factors-hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, low HDL cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and smoking/smokeless tobacco use-are highly prevalent. There is low awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia in patients with diabetes.
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