ArticleMolecular vision2014
Exendin-4 protects retinal cells from early diabetes in Goto-Kakizaki rats by increasing the Bcl-2/Bax and Bcl-xL/Bax ratios and reducing reactive gliosis.
Article in Molecular vision, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- GLP-1 receptor agonists in eye disease: a comprehensive review of current research and future potential.BMC ophthalmology · 2026 · on this mapPooled it
- Microvascular and Cardiovascular Outcomes According to Renal Function in Patients Treated With Once-Weekly Exenatide: Insights From the EXSCEL Trial.Diabetes care · 2020Trial
- Neuroprotection in Diabetes Retinal Disease: An Unmet Medical Need.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist Stimulation Inhibits Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization by Suppressing Intraocular Inflammation.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Uncovering the Therapeutic Potential of Phosphocreatine in Diabetic Retinopathy: Mitigating Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Apoptosis via JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2024Article
- Exendin-4 promotes retinal ganglion cell survival and function by inhibiting calcium channels in experimental diabetes.iScience · 2023Article
- Topical and systemic GLP-1R agonist administration both rescue retinal ganglion cells in hypertensive glaucoma.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of GLP-1R Activation in the Retina.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Signaling Mechanism for Modulation by GLP-1 and Exendin-4 of GABA Receptors on Rat Retinal Ganglion Cells.Neuroscience bulletin · 2022Article
- The role of glia in the physiology and pharmacology of glucagon-like peptide-1: implications for obesity, diabetes, neurodegeneration and glaucoma.British journal of pharmacology · 2022Review
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists - Potential Game Changers in the Treatment of Glaucoma?Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Review
- Neurovascular Unit: A New Target for Treating Early Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Relevance of Peptide Homeostasis in Metabolic Retinal Degenerative Disorders: Curative Potential in Genetically Modified Mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Protective effects of essential oil from FructusChinese medicine · 2020Article
- Neuroprotective Peptides in Retinal Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- Relationships Between Neurodegeneration and Vascular Damage in Diabetic Retinopathy.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Review
- MicroRNA-27a protects retinal pigment epithelial cells under high glucose conditions by targeting TLR4.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- Exendin-4 attenuates neuronal death via GLP-1R/PI3K/Akt pathway in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats.Neuropharmacology · 2018Article
- Topical administration of DPP-IV inhibitors prevents retinal neurodegeneration in experimental diabetes.Diabetologia · 2017Article
- Protective Effect of Prunus Cerasus (Sour Cherry) Seed Extract on the Recovery of Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Retinal Damage in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rat.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeExendin-4 (E4), a long-acting agonist of the hormone glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R), is administered to treat type II diabetes in the clinical setting and also shows a neuroprotective effect. Our previous studies demonstrated its protective effect in early experimental diabetic retinopathy (DR), but the molecular and cellular mechanisms are largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of a GLP-1R agonist E4 against early DR in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats.
methodsDiabetic GK rats and control animals were randomly assigned to receive E4 or vehicle by intravitreal injection. The retinal function and retinal cell counts were evaluated using an electroretinogram and light microscopy. The expressions of retinal GLP-1R, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis-associated genes, reactive gliosis markers, and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related pathway genes were studied by western blotting and immunohistochemistry in vivo and in vitro.
resultsE4 significantly prevented the reduction of the b-wave and oscillatory potential amplitudes and retinal cell loss and maintained the Bcl-2/Bax and Bcl-xL/Bax ratio balances in GK rats. It also downregulated the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and reduced retinal reactive gliosis. Similar results were found in primary rat Müller cells under high glucose culture in vitro.
conclusionsE4 may protect retinal cells from diabetic attacks by activating GLP-1R, decreasing retinal cell apoptosis, and reducing retinal reactive gliosis. Thus, E4 treatment may be a novel approach for early DR.
Indexed as
Identifiers
25489228PMC4225140W1819067085What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.