Trial reportParticle and fibre toxicology2014
Short-term diesel exhaust inhalation in a controlled human crossover study is associated with changes in DNA methylation of circulating mononuclear cells in asthmatics.
Trial report in Particle and fibre toxicology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of epigenetics in respiratory health in urban populations in low and middle-income countries.Global health, epidemiology and genomics · 2019Pooled it
- Prenatal Particulate Air Pollution and DNA Methylation in Newborns: An Epigenome-Wide Meta-Analysis.Environmental health perspectives · 2019Pooled it
- The Impact of Air Pollution on Our Epigenome: How Far Is the Evidence? (A Systematic Review).Current environmental health reports · 2018Pooled it
- Epigenome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Methylation in Children Related to Prenatal NO2 Air Pollution Exposure.Environmental health perspectives · 2017Pooled it
- Epigenetic alterations induced by genotoxic occupational and environmental human chemical carcinogens: An update of a systematic literature review.Mutation research. Reviews in mutation researchPooled it
- Trial
- Environmental Exposures and Epigenetic Remodeling in Supraventricular Tachycardias: What Atrial Fibrillation Can and Cannot Tell Us.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Biological Versus Technical Reliability of Epigenetic Clocks and Implications for Disease Prognosis and Intervention Response.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Characterization of woodsmoke generated in the air pollution exposure lab and comparison to diesel exhaust.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- Article
- Particulate matter air pollution: effects on the respiratory system.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Developmental air pollution exposure augments airway hyperreactivity, alters transcriptome, and DNA methylation in female adult progeny.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Controlled human exposures: a review and comparison of the health effects of diesel exhaust and wood smoke.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2024Review
- "Air That Once Was Breath" Part 1: Wildfire-Smoke-Induced Mechanisms of Airway Inflammation - "Climate Change, Allergy and Immunology" Special IAAI Article Collection: Collegium Internationale Allergologicum Update 2023.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2024Review
- Review
- Linking Prenatal Environmental Exposures to Lifetime Health with Epigenome-Wide Association Studies: State-of-the-Science Review and Future Recommendations.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Review
- Nitrated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (Nitro-PAH) Signatures and Somatic Mutations in Diesel Exhaust-Exposed Bladder Tumors.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023Article
- Lupus, DNA Methylation, and Air Pollution: A Malicious Triad.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Emerging Insights into the Impact of Air Pollution on Immune-Mediated Asthma Pathogenesis.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2022Review
- Controlled human exposure to diesel exhaust: a method for understanding health effects of traffic-related air pollution.Particle and fibre toxicology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundChanges in DNA methylation have been associated with traffic-related air pollution in observational studies, but the specific mechanisms and temporal dynamics therein have not been explored in a controlled study of asthmatics. In this study, we investigate short-term effects of diesel exhaust inhalation on DNA methylation levels at CpG sites across the genome in circulating blood in asthmatics.
methodsA double-blind crossover study of filtered air and diesel exhaust exposures was performed on sixteen non-smoking asthmatic subjects. Blood samples were collected pre-exposure, and then 6 and 30 hours post-exposure. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA methylation was interrogated using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 Array. Exposure-related changes in DNA methylation were identified. In addition, CpG sites overlapping with Alu or LINE1 repetitive elements and candidate microRNA loci were also analyzed.
resultsDNA methylation at 2827 CpG sites were affected by exposure to diesel exhaust but not filtered air; these sites enriched for genes involved in protein kinase and NFkB pathways. CpG sites with significant changes in response to diesel exhaust exposure primarily became less methylated, with a site residing within GSTP1 being among the significant hits. Diesel exhaust-associated change was also found for CpG sites overlapping with Alu and LINE1 elements as well as for a site within miR-21.
conclusionShort-term exposure to diesel exhaust resulted in DNA methylation changes at CpG sites residing in genes involved in inflammation and oxidative stress response, repetitive elements, and microRNA. This provides plausibility for the role of DNA methylation in pathways by which airborne particulate matter impacts gene expression and offers support for including DNA methylation analysis in future efforts to understand the interactions between environmental exposures and biological systems.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.