ArticlePloS one2014
Sex differences in monocyte activation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of sex on the immune system explored at the single-cell level.American journal of human genetics · 2026Article
- Sex in Immune Cells and Parasitic Diseases - A Complex Relationship.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Dynamics of virological suppression and systemic immune-inflammatory response following antiretroviral therapy in pediatric HIV infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Systemic autoimmune abnormalities alter the morphology of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues in the rectum of MRL/MpJ-FasExperimental animals · 2024Article
- Gender-Diverse Inclusion in Immunological Research: Benefits to Science and Health.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Higher circulating intermediate monocytes are associated with cognitive function in women with HIV.JCI insight · 2021Article
- Sexual Dimorphic Role of CD14 (Cluster of Differentiation 14) in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension and Renal Injury.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2021Article
- Article
- Androgens predispose males to monocyte-mediated immunopathology by inducing the expression of leukocyte recruitment factor CXCL1.Nature communications · 2020Article
- Psychological Stress, Intestinal Barrier Dysfunctions, and Autoimmune Disorders: An Overview.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Monocyte subsets involved in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.International immunology · 2019Review
- Interferon inducible X-linked gene CXorf21 may contribute to sexual dimorphism in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Coordinated Induction of Antimicrobial Response Factors in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Intestinal macrophages in mucosal immunity and their role in systemic lupus erythematosus disease.Lupus · 2018Review
- Sex Differences in HIV Infection: Mystique Versus Machismo.Pathogens & immunity · 2018Article
- Estrogen decreases tight junction protein ZO-1 expression in human primary gut tissues.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2017Article
- Upregulation of CD16- monocyte subsets in systemic lupus erythematous patients.Clinical rheumatology · 2017Article
- Toll-like receptor-mediated immune responses in intestinal macrophages; implications for mucosal immunity and autoimmune diseases.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2016Review
- Inflammation-induced foam cell formation in chronic inflammatory disease.Immunology and cell biology · 2015Review
- SLE: Another Autoimmune Disorder Influenced by Microbes and Diet?Frontiers in immunology · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionTLR7/8 and TLR9 signaling pathways have been extensively studied in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as possible mediators of disease. Monocytes are a major source of pro-inflammatory cytokines and are understudied in SLE. In the current project, we investigated sex differences in monocyte activation and its implications in SLE disease pathogenesis.
methodsHuman blood samples from 27 healthy male controls, 32 healthy female controls, and 25 female patients with SLE matched for age and race were studied. Monocyte activation was tested by flow cytometry and ELISA, including subset proportions, CD14, CD80 and CD86 expression, the percentage of IL-6-producing monocytes, plasma levels of sCD14 and IL-6, and urine levels of creatinine.
resultsMonocytes were significantly more activated in women compared to men and in patients with SLE compared to controls in vivo. We observed increased proportions of non-classic monocytes, decreased proportions of classic monocytes, elevated levels of plasma sCD14 as well as reduced surface expression of CD14 on monocytes comparing women to men and lupus patients to controls. Plasma levels of IL-6 were positively related to sCD14 and serum creatinine.
conclusionMonocyte activation and TLR4 responsiveness are altered in women compared to men and in patients with SLE compared to controls. These sex differences may allow persistent systemic inflammation and resultant enhanced SLE susceptibility.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.