ReviewChemical research in toxicology2015
Survey of Human Oxidoreductases and Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Involved in the Metabolism of Xenobiotic and Natural Chemicals.
Review in Chemical research in toxicology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 210 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
210 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 454 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic and Ethnobotanical Review of Ashwagandha's ( Withania Somnifera ) Teratogenic and Abortifacient Potentials.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2026Pooled it
- Physicochemical Properties, Biotransformation, and Transport Pathways of Established and Newly Approved Medications: A Systematic Review of the Top 200 Most Prescribed Drugs vs. the FDA-Approved Drugs Between 2005 and 2016.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2019Pooled it
- Short- and long-term effects of body weight, calorie restriction and gastric bypass on CYP1A2, CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 activity.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Trial
- Cytochrome P450-Catalyzed Hydroxylation of Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Implications for Pharmacogenetics.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Dual Inhibitors of p38α Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Butyrylcholinesterase for the Modulation of Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Dysfunction.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- The Role of Cytochrome P450 Holoenzyme Metabolism in the Origin of Neuropathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Nematicide Tioxazafen Disrupts Proteasome Function via Cytochrome P450 Bioactivation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- DeepCYP: an integrated deep learning web server for the holistic "pathway-site product" prediction of CYP450 metabolism.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- ATTNSOM: learning cross-isoform attention for cytochrome P450 site-of-metabolism prediction.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- CYP2E1 and CYP2D6 in Anti-Tuberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury: Mechanisms, Epigenetic Regulation, and Translational Implications.Clinical and translational science · 2026Review
- In Vitro Cytochrome P450 Interaction Profile and ADME Characterisation of Gold(I)-Triphenylphosphine Complexes with 6-Alkoxy-9-deazapurine Ligands.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Thermostable ancestors enabled evolutionary diversification of promiscuous chemical defence enzymes.The EMBO journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Interaction of Cytochrome P450 3A4 with Fatty Acid Binding Protein 1 and Relevance to Drug Metabolism.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Review
- The involvement of miRNAs in CYP450 enzymes and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases regulation in the human liver.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Metabolic Stability of Fluorinated Small Molecules: A Physical Organic Chemistry Perspective.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Comparative glycomic analysis of Mimiviridae and Marseilleviridae uncovers host-related and lineage-specific glycosylation.Journal of biochemistry · 2026Article
- Binding Site Vectors Enable Mapping of Cytochrome P450 Functional Landscapes.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2026Article
- Molecular dynamics simulations elucidate the role of the F-F' loop in substrate entry into CYP3A4.Communications chemistry · 2026Article
150 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Analyzing the literature resources used in our previous reports, we calculated the fractions of the oxidoreductase enzymes FMO (microsomal flavin-containing monooxygenase), AKR (aldo-keto reductase), MAO (monoamine oxidase), and cytochrome P450 participating in metabolic reactions. The calculations show that the fractions of P450s involved in the metabolism of all chemicals (general chemicals, natural, and physiological compounds, and drugs) are rather consistent in the findings that >90% of enzymatic reactions are catalyzed by P450s. Regarding drug metabolism, three-fourths of the human P450 reactions can be accounted for by a set of five P450s: 1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4, and the largest fraction of the P450 reactions is catalyzed by P450 3A enzymes. P450 3A4 participation in metabolic reactions of drugs varied from 13% for general chemicals to 27% for drugs.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.