ReviewMutation research. Reviews in mutation research
Trichloroethylene biotransformation and its role in mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and target organ toxicity.
Review in Mutation research. Reviews in mutation research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- The microbiota at the interface of environmental toxicants and the brain.Cell metabolism · 2026Review
- Assessment of Early Nephrotoxicity in Workers Exposed to Trichloroethylene Using NGAL and KIM-1 Biomarkers.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2026Article
- Trichloroethylene Exposure and Parkinson's Disease: Environmental Risk, Metabolic Pathways, and Mechanistic Insights.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Exposure to the trichloroethylene metabolite S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine under hypoxic conditions (%OToxicology letters · 2025Article
- Environmental Risk Factors for Parkinson's Disease: A Critical Review and Policy Implications.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Review
- Carcinogen metabolism and bladder cancer: role of gut microbiota in disease and prevention.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Trichloroethylene: An Update on an Environmental Contaminant with Multiple Health Effects.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2025Review
- Renal Glutathione: Dual roles as antioxidant protector and bioactivation promoter.Biochemical pharmacology · 2024Review
- Additive or Interactive Associations of Food Allergies with Glutathione S-Transferase Genes in Relation to ASD and ASD Severity in Jamaican Children.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Species-differences in the in vitro biotransformation of trifluoroethene (HFO-1123).Archives of toxicology · 2023Article
- In Vitro and In Vivo Models for Drug Transport Across the Blood-Testis Barrier.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2023Review
- Article
- Interactive associations of eczema with glutathione S-transferase genes in relation to autism spectrum disorder and its severity in Jamaican children.Research in autism spectrum disorders · 2023Article
- Trichloroethylene MetaboliteChemical research in toxicology · 2023Article
- Nanocomposite Organogel for Art Conservation─A Novel Wax Resin Removal System.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2023Article
- Apoptotic responses stimulated by the trichloroethylene metabolite S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine depend on cell differentiation state in BeWo human trophoblast cells.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA · 2023Article
- IP3R-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction mediates C5b-9-induced ferroptosis in trichloroethylene-caused immune kidney injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Invited Perspective: Improved Risk Characterization for Trichloroethylene and Perchloroethylene Based on New Analyses of Glutathione Conjugation Rates.Environmental health perspectives · 2022Article
- Reanalysis of Trichloroethylene and Tetrachloroethylene Metabolism to Glutathione Conjugates Using Human, Rat, and Mouse LiverEnvironmental health perspectives · 2022Article
- Oxidative stress, glutathione, and CYP2E1 in 1,4-dioxane liver cytotoxicity and genotoxicity: insights from animal models.Current opinion in environmental science & health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Metabolism is critical for the mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and other adverse health effects of trichloroethylene (TCE). Despite the relatively small size and simple chemical structure of TCE, its metabolism is quite complex, yielding multiple intermediates and end-products. Experimental animal and human data indicate that TCE metabolism occurs through two major pathways: cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent oxidation and glutathione (GSH) conjugation catalyzed by GSH S-transferases (GSTs). Herein we review recent data characterizing TCE processing and flux through these pathways. We describe the catalytic enzymes, their regulation and tissue localization, as well as the evidence for transport and inter-organ processing of metabolites. We address the chemical reactivity of TCE metabolites, highlighting data on mutagenicity of these end-products. Identification in urine of key metabolites, particularly trichloroacetate (TCA), dichloroacetate (DCA), trichloroethanol and its glucuronide (TCOH and TCOG), and N-acetyl-S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)-L-cysteine (NAcDCVC), in exposed humans and other species (mostly rats and mice) demonstrates function of the two metabolic pathways in vivo. The CYP pathway primarily yields chemically stable end-products. However, the GST pathway conjugate S-(1,2-dichlorovinyl)glutathione (DCVG) is further processed to multiple highly reactive species that are known to be mutagenic, especially in kidney where in situ metabolism occurs. TCE metabolism is highly variable across sexes, species, tissues and individuals. Genetic polymorphisms in several of the key enzymes metabolizing TCE and its intermediates contribute to variability in metabolic profiles and rates. In all, the evidence characterizing the complex metabolism of TCE can inform predictions of adverse responses including mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, and acute and chronic organ-specific toxicity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.