ArticleIndian journal of nephrology2014
Regulatory and effector T cells changes in remission and resistant state of childhood nephrotic syndrome.
Article in Indian journal of nephrology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune mechanisms and immunomodulatory therapies in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome.Renal failure · 2025Review
- SIRT1: potential target in glucocorticoid-resistant diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Alterations of gut microbiota and metabolome are associated with primary nephrotic syndrome in children.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Clostridium butyricum inhibits the inflammation in children with primary nephrotic syndrome by regulating Th17/Tregs balance via gut-kidney axis.BMC microbiology · 2024Article
- Immunophenotypic Alterations in Adult Patients with Steroid-Dependent and Frequently Relapsing Nephrotic Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Role of Cytokines in Nephrotic Syndrome.Mediators of inflammation · 2022Review
- The role of the immune system in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2021Review
- Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children: role of regulatory T cells and gut microbiota.Pediatric research · 2021Article
- Clinical Significance of Probiotics for Children with Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Urinary excretion of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines during relapse and remission of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.Journal of inflammation research · 2017Article
- Analysis of T Cell Subsets in Adult Primary/Idiopathic Minimal Change Disease: A Pilot Study.International journal of nephrology · 2017Article
- Rituximab in Minimal Change Disease: Mechanisms of Action and Hypotheses for Future Studies.Canadian journal of kidney health and disease · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Idiopathic minimal change disease is a disorder of T-cell dysfunction. The relative predominance of regulatory T cells (Tregs), Th1, and Th2 cells in nephrotic syndrome (NS) remains controversial. Imbalance in peripheral blood regulatory and effector T cells (Teff) are linked to cell mediated immune response and may be associated with steroid response in NS. Peripheral blood CD4 + CD25 + FoxP3 + (Tregs), CD4 + IFN-γ(+) (Th1), and CD4 + IL-4 + (Th2) lymphocytes were analyzed in 22 steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS) patients in sustained remission, 21 steroid-resistant NS (SRNS) and 14 healthy controls. The absolute percentage values and ratio of Th1/Tregs, Th2/Tregs, and Th1/Th2 were compared between SSNS, SRNS and control subjects. The percentage of Tregs was lower in SRNS patients (P = 0.001) compared with that of SSNS and healthy control. The percentage of Th1 cells was higher in SRNS (P = 0.001) compared to that of SSNS patients; however, it was similar to healthy controls (P = 1.00). The percentage of Th2 cells in SRNS (P = 0.001) was higher as compared to SSNS and controls. The ratio of Th1/Treg cells in SRNS (P = 0.001) was higher as compared to SSNS patients and controls. The ratio of Th2/Treg was also higher in SRNS as compared to SSNS and controls. The ratio of Th1/Th2 cells in SSNS, SRNS, and healthy controls were similar. The cytokines secretion complemented the change in different T-cell subtypes in SSNS, SRNS and healthy controls. However, the IFN-γ secretion in healthy controles was low inspite of similar percentage of Th1 cells among SRNS cases. We conclude that greater ratio of Tregs compared to that Th1 and Th2 favor steroid sensitivity and reverse ratio results in to SRNS. The difference in ratio is related to pathogenesis or it can be used as marker to predict steroid responsiveness needs further evaluation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.