ArticleAutophagy2014
Caloric restriction mimetics: natural/physiological pharmacological autophagy inducers.
Article in Autophagy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 54 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Effects of Repeated Periods of Modified Fasting to Support Healthy Natural Weight Management and Prevention of Weight Gain in Overweight But Generally Healthy Adults Over the Winter Holiday Period
A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Design Study to Evaluate the Effects of the Cardio Formulation on Oxidized LDL in Individuals Who Are Overweight to Mildly Obese and Otherwise Healthy
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)Autophagy · 2021Guideline
- Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition).Autophagy · 2016Guideline
- Review
- Natural Small Molecules Targeting Oxidative Stress and Redox Homeostasis in Aging: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Caloric Restriction Mimetic Hydroxycitrate Mitigates Acute Nephrotoxicity via Autophagy Activation and Oxidative Stress Reduction.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Adaptive crosstalk between polyamine metabolism, translation, and autophagy sustains energy homeostasis in mammals during starvation: a scoping review.Amino acids · 2026Review
- The reciprocal effects of autophagy and the Warburg effect in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: an in vitro study.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Article
- Clinical Insights on Caloric Restriction Mimetics for Mitigating Brain Aging and Related Neurodegeneration.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- Autophagy alterations in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: the evidence from human studies.Internal and emergency medicine · 2024Review
- Calorie restriction and calorie-restriction mimetics activate chaperone-mediated autophagy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Role of autophagy in ischemic stroke: insights from animal models and preliminary evidence in the human disease.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Sulforaphane acutely activates multiple starvation response pathways.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Molecular mechanism of caloric restriction mimetics-mediated neuroprotection of age-related neurodegenerative diseases: an emerging therapeutic approach.Biogerontology · 2023Review
- 3,4-Dimethoxychalcone, a caloric restriction mimetic, enhances TFEB-mediated autophagy and alleviates pyroptosis and necroptosis after spinal cord injury.Theranostics · 2023Article
- Impact of Autophagy Impairment on Experience- and Diet-Related Synaptic Plasticity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Curcumin and Ethanol Effects in Trembler-J Schwann Cell Culture.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- The ups and downs of caloric restriction and fasting: from molecular effects to clinical application.EMBO molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Autophagy activation by dietary piceatannol enhances the efficacy of immunogenic chemotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Malfunction in Alzheimer's Disease: New Therapeutic Hope.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Review
- Using Intermittent Fasting as a Non-pharmacological Strategy to Alleviate Obesity-Induced Hypothalamic Molecular Pathway Disruption.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Nutrient depletion, which is one of the physiological triggers of autophagy, results in the depletion of intracellular acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA) coupled to the deacetylation of cellular proteins. We surmise that there are 3 possibilities to mimic these effects, namely (i) the depletion of cytosolic AcCoA by interfering with its biosynthesis, (ii) the inhibition of acetyltransferases, which are enzymes that transfer acetyl groups from AcCoA to other molecules, mostly leucine residues in cellular proteins, or (iii) the stimulation of deacetylases, which catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from leucine residues. There are several examples of rather nontoxic natural compounds that act as AcCoA depleting agents (e.g., hydroxycitrate), acetyltransferase inhibitors (e.g., anacardic acid, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, garcinol, spermidine) or deacetylase activators (e.g., nicotinamide, resveratrol), and that are highly efficient inducers of autophagy in vitro and in vivo, in rodents. Another common characteristic of these agents is their capacity to reduce aging-associated diseases and to confer protective responses against ischemia-induced organ damage. Hence, we classify them as "caloric restriction mimetics" (CRM). Here, we speculate that CRM may mediate their broad health-improving effects by triggering the same molecular pathways that usually are elicited by long-term caloric restriction or short-term starvation and that imply the induction of autophagy as an obligatory event conferring organismal, organ- or cytoprotection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.