ArticleExperimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie2015
Topical nitrogen mustard exposure causes systemic toxic effects in mice.
Article in Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fenofibrate microemulsion eyedrops for treating nitrogen mustard induced corneal injury.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026Article
- Nitrogen mustard causes progressive tissue injury, severe DNA damage, and necroptosis in the cornea.Experimental eye research · 2025Article
- Comprehensive reexamination of the acute toxicity of nitrogen mustards: HN-1, HN-2 and HN-3 as blister agents: application of multi in silico approach.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Mechanistic Insights and Pharmacological Approaches for Nitrogen and Sulfur Mustards and Their Implications as Therapeutic Agents.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2025Review
- Targeting LINC00707 by vitamin D3 attenuates nitrogen mustard-caused dermal toxicity through inhibiting ferroptosis.Redox biology · 2025Article
- Chronic kidney disease amplifies severe kidney injury and mortality in a mouse model of skin arsenical exposure.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2025Article
- Relevance of the Platelet-activating factor system in chemical warfare agents-induced effects.Free radical biology & medicine · 2025Review
- Dexamethasone sodium phosphate loaded nanoparticles for prevention of nitrogen mustard induced corneal injury.Experimental eye research · 2024Article
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- Depilatory double-disc mouse model for evaluation of vesicant dermal injury pharmacotherapy countermeasures.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Secreted Factors on Delay in Corneal Wound Healing by Nitrogen Mustard.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Phosgene oxime: a highly toxic urticant and emerging chemical threat.Toxicology mechanisms and methods · 2021Review
- The HSP90 Inhibitor, AUY-922, Ameliorates the Development of Nitrogen Mustard-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis and Lung Dysfunction in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Sulfur Mustard-induced Changes in Blood Urea Nitrogen, Uric Acid and Creatinine Levels of Civilian Victims, and Their Correlation with Spirometric Values.Iranian journal of public health · 2018Article
- Phosgene oxime: Injury and associated mechanisms compared to vesicating agents sulfur mustard and lewisite.Toxicology letters · 2018Review
- Defining the timing of 25(OH)D rescue following nitrogen mustard exposure.Cutaneous and ocular toxicology · 2018Article
- Early indicators of survival following exposure to mustard gas: Protective role of 25(OH)D.Toxicology letters · 2016Article
- Antioxidants as potential medical countermeasures for chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals.Biochemical pharmacology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vesicating agents sulfur mustard (SM) and nitrogen mustard (NM) are reported to be easily absorbed by skin upon exposure causing severe cutaneous injury and blistering. Our studies show that topical exposure of NM (3.2mg) onto SKH-1 hairless mouse skin, not only caused skin injury, but also led to significant body weight loss and 40-80% mortality (120 h post-exposure), suggesting its systemic effects. Accordingly, further studies herein show that NM exposure initiated an increase in circulating white blood cells by 24h (neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils) and thereafter a decrease (neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes). NM exposure also reduced both white and red pulp areas of the spleen. In the small intestine, NM exposure caused loss of membrane integrity of the surface epithelium, abnormal structure of glands and degeneration of villi. NM exposure also resulted in the dilation of glomerular capillaries of kidneys, and an increase in blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio. Our results here with NM are consistent with earlier reports that exposure to higher SM levels can cause damage to the hematopoietic system, and kidney, spleen and gastrointestinal tract toxicity. These outcomes will add to our understanding of the toxic effects of topical vesicant exposure, which might be helpful towards developing effective countermeasures against injuries from acute topical exposures.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.