ArticleAnnals of emergency medicine2015
Barriers to calling 911 and learning and performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation for residents of primarily Latino, high-risk neighborhoods in Denver, Colorado.
Article in Annals of emergency medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.
- The psychological and behavioural factors associated with laypeople initiating CPR for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023Pooled it
- Barriers and facilitators to delivering bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation in deprived communities: a systematic review.Perspectives in public health · 2023Pooled it
- The Need for More Prehospital Research on Language Barriers: A Narrative Review.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Trial
- Comparing Asian American Women's Knowledge, Self-Efficacy, and Perceived Risk of Heart Attack to Other Racial and Ethnic Groups: The mPED Trial.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2017Trial
- Improving Perceptions, Knowledge, and Skills of Bystander CPR and AED use in the Mandarin-Speaking Immigrant Community.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Help-seeking and barriers to emergency care during out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in public housing areas: a qualitative study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Resuscitation needs justice: an intersectional view on justice, equity, diversity, and inclusion.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Barriers and Facilitators for Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Automated External Defibrillator Use in Diverse and Underserved Cities in Los Angeles County, California.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- A Moderated Mediation Analysis of Timely EMS Activation and Bystander CPR in the Association Between Regional Deprivation and Outcomes Following Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Impact of Primary Spoken Language as a Social Determinant of Health on Cardiopulmonary Education and Use: Pilot Study.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Overdose-Related Cardiac Arrest in the Era of the Opioid Epidemic.Critical care clinics · 2026Review
- Breaking the Chain of Survival: What Progetto Vita Tells Us, and What It Doesn't.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Protocol for an observational prospective study on the use and impact of over-the-phone interpretation in 911 calls with language discordance.BMC public health · 2025Observational
- Resuscitation Practices at Emergency Medical Service Agencies Working in Black and Hispanic Versus White Catchment Areas in the United States.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2025Article
- Deprivation and adverse outcomes from cardiac arrest.Resuscitation plus · 2025Article
- Assessing Attitudes and Perceptions of High-Risk, Low-Resource Communities Towards Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Public-Access Defibrillation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Prehospital critical care beyond advanced life support for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A systematic review.Resuscitation plus · 2025Review
- Global Sex Disparities in Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Scoping Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Community-level bystander treatment and outcomes for witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the state of Connecticut.Resuscitation plus · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectiveIndividuals in neighborhoods composed of minority and lower socioeconomic status populations are more likely to have an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest event, less likely to have bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed, and less likely to survive. Latino cardiac arrest victims are 30% less likely than whites to have bystander CPR performed. The goal of this study is to identify barriers and facilitators to calling 911, and learning and performing CPR in 5 low-income, Latino neighborhoods in Denver, CO.
methodsSix focus groups and 9 key informant interviews were conducted in Denver during the summer of 2012. Purposeful and snowball sampling, conducted by community liaisons, was used to recruit participants. Two reviewers analyzed the data to identify recurrent and unifying themes. A qualitative content analysis was used with a 5-stage iterative process to analyze each transcript.
resultsSix key barriers to calling 911 were identified: fear of becoming involved because of distrust of law enforcement, financial, immigration status, lack of recognition of cardiac arrest event, language, and violence. Seven cultural barriers were identified that may preclude performance of bystander CPR: age, sex, immigration status, language, racism, strangers, and fear of touching someone. Participants suggested that increasing availability of tailored education in Spanish, increasing the number of bilingual 911 dispatchers, and policy-level changes, including CPR as a requirement for graduation and strengthening Good Samaritan laws, may serve as potential facilitators in increasing the provision of bystander CPR.
conclusionDistrust of law enforcement, language concerns, lack of recognition of cardiac arrest, and financial issues must be addressed when community-based CPR educational programs for Latinos are implemented.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.