ArticleBMC complementary and alternative medicine2014
Cytotoxicity and apoptotic activities of alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocotrienol isomers on human cancer cells.
Article in BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers Regulated by Lipid-Soluble Vitamins in Glioblastoma.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Anticancer Activity of Plant Tocotrienols, Fucoxanthin, Fucoidan, and Polyphenols in Dietary Supplements.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Anticancer Activity ofAnti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Vitamin E functions by association with a novel binding site on the 67 kDa laminin receptor activating diacylglycerol kinase.The Journal of nutritional biochemistry · 2022Article
- Transcriptomic Analysis of the Anticancer Effects of Annatto Tocotrienol, Delta-Tocotrienol and Gamma-Tocotrienol on Chondrosarcoma Cells.Nutrients · 2022Article
- γ- and δ-Tocotrienols interfere with senescence leading to decreased viability of cells.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2021Article
- Mechanisms Mediating Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Delta-Tocotrienol and Tart Cherry Anthocyanins in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.Nutrients · 2020Article
- Vitamin E and cancer: an update on the emerging role of γ and δ tocotrienols.European journal of nutrition · 2020Review
- Vitamin E and cancer prevention: Studies with different forms of tocopherols and tocotrienols.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2020Review
- Potential Role of Tocotrienols on Non-Communicable Diseases: A Review of Current Evidence.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Natural agents inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation and alter microbial diversity in mice.PloS one · 2020Article
- Omega 3-DHA and Delta-Tocotrienol Modulate Lipid Droplet Biogenesis and Lipophagy in Breast Cancer Cells: the Impact in Cancer Aggressiveness.Nutrients · 2019Article
- δ-Tocotrienol induces apoptosis, involving endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy, and paraptosis in prostate cancer cells.Cell proliferation · 2019Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Tocotrienols in Cancer: Recent Trends and Advancements.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Tocotrienols Modulate a Life or Death Decision in Cancers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Annatto (Biomolecules · 2019Article
- Drug repurposing in malignant pleural mesothelioma: a breath of fresh air?European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2018Review
- Synergistic Apoptotic Effects of Tocotrienol Isomers andTropical life sciences research · 2018Article
- Challenges and Opportunities of Nanotechnology as Delivery Platform for Tocotrienols in Cancer Therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2018Review
- δ-Tocotrienol, a natural form of vitamin E, inhibits pancreatic cancer stem-like cells and prevents pancreatic cancer metastasis.Oncotarget · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTocotrienols, especially the gamma isomer was discovered to possess cytotoxic effects associated with the induction of apoptosis in numerous cancers. Individual tocotrienol isomers are believed to induce dissimilar apoptotic mechanisms in different cancer types. This study was aimed to compare the cytotoxic potency of alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocotrienols, and to explore their resultant apoptotic mechanisms in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 and glioblastoma U87MG cells which are scarcely researched.
methodsThe cytotoxic effects of alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocotrienols in both A549 and U87MG cancer cells were first determined at the cell viability and morphological aspects. DNA damage types were then identified by comet assay and flow cytometric study was carried out to support the incidence of apoptosis. The involvements of caspase-8, Bid, Bax and mitochondrial membrane permeability (MMP) in the execution of apoptosis were further expounded.
resultsAll tocotrienols inhibited the growth of A549 and U87MG cancer cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. These treated cancer cells demonstrated some hallmarks of apoptotic morphologies, apoptosis was further confirmed by cell accumulation at the pre-G1 stage. All tocotrienols induced only double strand DNA breaks (DSBs) and no single strand DNA breaks (SSBs) in both treated cancer cells. Activation of caspase-8 leading to increased levels of Bid and Bax as well as cytochrome c release attributed by the disruption of mitochondrial membrane permeability in both A549 and U87MG cells were evident.
conclusionsThis study has shown that delta-tocotrienol, in all experimental approaches, possessed a higher efficacy (shorter induction period) and effectiveness (higher induction rate) in the execution of apoptosis in both A549 and U87MG cancer cells as compared to alpha- and gamma-tocotrienols. Tocotrienols in particular the delta isomer can be an alternative chemotherapeutic agent for treating lung and brain cancers.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.