ArticleBMC geriatrics2014
Is use of fall risk-increasing drugs in an elderly population associated with an increased risk of hip fracture, after adjustment for multimorbidity level: a cohort study.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multimorbidity and analgesic-related harms: a systematic review.British journal of anaesthesia · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of the Association Between Anti-Hypertensive Classes and the Risk of Falls Among Older Adults.Drugs & aging · 2018Pooled it
- Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors and risk of fractures: a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of published observational cohort studies.European journal of epidemiology · 2017Pooled it
- Opioids increase hip fracture risk: a meta-analysis.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2017Pooled it
- Benzodiazepines, Z-drugs and the risk of hip fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Zolpidem use and risk of fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- Comorbidity burden and fracture pattern as predictors of early postoperative medical complications following bipolar hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral neck fractures: a retrospective cohort study.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2026Article
- Drug Utilisation of Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs (FRIDs) and Risk of Hospitalisation: A Nested Case-Control Study Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.Drugs & aging · 2026Article
- Duration of anticholinergic burden and polypharmacy and the risk of fractures in older Korean adults: a nationwide cohort study.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Exploring Fall-Related Fracture Risk by Possible Fall-Risk Increasing Drugs in Japanese Older Adults Using Municipal Linked Medical and Long-Term Care Claim Data: A Nested Case-Control and Case-Crossover Study.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2025Article
- Incidence of hip fractures in persons with and without Parkinson's disease in Finland: a 15-year longitudinal study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Article
- The medication-based Rx-Risk Comorbidity Index and risk of hip fracture - a nationwide NOREPOS cohort study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Risk factors for osteoporotic hip fracture among community-dwelling older adults: a real-world evidence study.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Association between psychotropics use and occurrence of falls in hospitalized patients: A matched case-control study.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Multimorbidity and Polytherapy in Patients with Femoral Neck Fracture: A Retrospective Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying Drug-Induced Fractures Using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Reporting Database.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Risk factors for hip fracture.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRisk factors for hip fracture are well studied because of the negative impact on patients and the community, with mortality in the first year being almost 30% in the elderly. Age, gender and fall risk-increasing drugs, identified by the National Board of Health and Welfare in Sweden, are well known risk factors for hip fracture, but how multimorbidity level affects the risk of hip fracture during use of fall risk-increasing drugs is to our knowledge not as well studied. This study explored the relationship between use of fall risk-increasing drugs in combination with multimorbidity level and risk of hip fracture in an elderly population.
methodsData were from Östergötland County, Sweden, and comprised the total population in the county aged 75 years and older during 2006. The odds ratio (OR) for hip fracture during use of fall risk-increasing drugs was calculated by multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for age, gender and individual multimorbidity level. Multimorbidity level was estimated with the Johns Hopkins ACG Case-Mix System and grouped into six Resource Utilization Bands (RUBs 0-5).
results2.07% of the study population (N = 38,407) had a hip fracture during 2007. Patients using opioids (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.34-1.82), dopaminergic agents (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.24-2.55), anxiolytics (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.11-1.54), antidepressants (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.42-1.95) or hypnotics/sedatives (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.13-1.52) had increased ORs for hip fracture after adjustment for age, gender and multimorbidity level. Vasodilators used in cardiac diseases, antihypertensive agents, diuretics, beta-blocking agents, calcium channel blockers and renin-angiotensin system inhibitors were not associated with an increased OR for hip fracture after adjustment for age, gender and multimorbidity level.
conclusionsUse of fall risk-increasing drugs such as opioids, dopaminergic agents, anxiolytics, antidepressants and hypnotics/sedatives increases the risk of hip fracture after adjustment for age, gender and multimorbidity level. Fall risk-increasing drugs, high age, female gender and multimorbidity level, can be used to identify high-risk patients who could benefit from a medication review to reduce the risk of hip fracture.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.