ArticleArthritis research & therapy2014
Constitutively altered frequencies of circulating follicullar helper T cell counterparts and their subsets in rheumatoid arthritis.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single- and multiple-dose escalation study to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of PF-06835375, a C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 directed antibody, in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Trial
- Autoimmune Diseases and Mycobacterial Infection.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Preliminary reference range for B cell subpopulations in peripheral blood of healthy Malaysian children aged 2-15 years.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Analysis of CCR9, CXCR5 and ICOS in Circulating Follicular Helper T Cell-like Populations in Sjögren's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Emerging Therapeutics in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Current rheumatology reports · 2026Review
- Effect of CXCR5, PD-1 and ICOS on B-cell responses and relevance to myasthenia gravis.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- Interactions between the gut microbiota and immune cell dynamics: novel insights into the gut-bone axis.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Pathogenic Role of Cytokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Anifrolumab Attenuates Follicular Helper T Cell Activation in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Frequency but not the Phenotype of Circulating Peripheral T Helper Cells is Increased at Later Stages of Progression to Type 1 Diabetes.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Clinical and Pathophysiological Tangles Between Allergy and Autoimmunity: Deconstructing an Old Dichotomic Paradigm.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Advanced immunophenotyping of lymphocyte and monocyte subsets in healthy Australian adults using a novel spectral flow cytometry panel.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Analysis of T follicular and T peripheral helper lymphocytes in autoimmune thyroid disease.Endocrine · 2024Observational
- Increased TIGITExperimental and therapeutic medicine · 2022Article
- Increased Frequency of CD4Cells · 2022Article
- Dynamics of circulating follicular helper T cell subsets and follicular regulatory T cells in rheumatoid arthritis patients according to HLA-DRB1 locus.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis and Multiple Machine Learning Methods Identified G0S2 and HPSE as Novel Biomarkers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Abnormal Function of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells Leads to Different Manifestations of B Cell Maturation and Differentiation in Patients with Osteosarcoma.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2022Article
- Changes in peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets predict disease progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.American journal of translational research · 2022Article
- The Germinal Center Milieu in Rheumatoid Arthritis: The Immunological Drummer or Dancer?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCirculating CD4 T cells expressing CXCR5, ICOS and/or PD-1 are counterparts of follicular helper T cells (Tfh). There are three subpopulations of circulating Tfh (cTfh): CXCR5 + CXCR3 + CCR6- (Tfh-Th1), CXCR5 + CXCR3-CCR6- (Tfh-Th2) and CXCR5 + CXCR3-CCR6+ (Tfh-Th17). Our objective was to study the B cell helping capacity of cTfh subsets, and examine their frequency in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients, together with the frequency of circulating plasmablasts (CD19 + CD20-CD38high).
methodsPeripheral blood was drawn from RA patients with active disease (RA-a, DAS28 >2.6) (n = 17), RA in remission (RA-r, DAS28 <2.6) (n = 17) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 34). cTfh and plasmablast frequencies were determined by flow cytometry. Cocultures of sorted CD4 + CXCR5+ T cell subpopulations were established with autologous CD19 + CD27- naïve B cells of HC, and concentrations of IgG, A and M were measured in supernatants.
resultsIsolated Tfh-Th2 and Tfh-Th17 but not Tfh-Th1 cells, induced naïve B cells to secrete IgG and IgA. The frequency of CXCR5+ cells gated for CD4+ T cells was not different among HC, RA-a and RA-r. In contrast, both RA-a and RA-r patients demonstrated an increased frequency of CD4 + CXCR5 + ICOS+ T cells and augmented (%Tfh-Th2 + %Tfh-Th17)/%Tfh-Th1 ratio as compared with HC. In addition, RA-a but not RA-r patients, showed an increased frequency of circulating plasmablasts.
conclusionBoth RA-a and RA-r patients demonstrate an increased frequency of cTfh and overrepresentation of cTfh subsets bearing a B cell helper phenotype, suggesting that altered germinal center dynamics play a role in RA pathogenesis. In contrast, only RA-a patients show an increased proportion of circulating plasmablasts.
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