Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25473148›Full record

ReviewWorld journal of gastroenterology2014

Alcohol and hepatocellular carcinoma: a review and a point of view.

Gianni Testino, Silvia Leone, Paolo Borro

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in World journal of gastroenterology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Article
  6. Article
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  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Digestive cancers: mechanisms, therapeutics and management.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Biological Activity of Natural and Synthetic Peptides as Anticancer Agents.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Alcohol-related liver disease.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2024
    Article
  20. Article

12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Gianni TestinoGianni Testino, Paolo Borro, Centro Alcologico Regionale-Regione Liguria, Alcoholic Unit, Department of General Internal and Specialist Medicine, IRCCS AOU San Martino-National Institute for Cancer Research-IST, 16100 Genova, Italy.
Silvia LeoneGianni Testino, Paolo Borro, Centro Alcologico Regionale-Regione Liguria, Alcoholic Unit, Department of General Internal and Specialist Medicine, IRCCS AOU San Martino-National Institute for Cancer Research-IST, 16100 Genova, Italy.
Paolo BorroGianni Testino, Paolo Borro, Centro Alcologico Regionale-Regione Liguria, Alcoholic Unit, Department of General Internal and Specialist Medicine, IRCCS AOU San Martino-National Institute for Cancer Research-IST, 16100 Genova, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

It is well recognized that one cause of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is alcohol consumption. Research in Italy and the United States concludes that the most common cause of HCC (responsible for 32% to 45% of HCC) is alcohol. It has recently been shown that a significant relationship between alcohol intake, metabolic changes, and hepatitis virus infection does exist. Alcohol may be a factor in the development of HCC via direct (genotoxic) and indirect mechanisms (cirrhosis). There is only one way of diagnosing HCC, which is early identification through surveillance, when curative treatments become possible. After stopping alcohol intake the risk of liver cancer decreases by 6% to 7% a year, and an estimated time period of 23 years is also needed. Therefore, surveillance is also important in former drinkers and, in our opinion, independently from the presence of compensated cirrhosis. In cases of very early stage (VES) and early stage with portal hypertension, liver transplantation is the optimal option; and in cases of associated disease, percutaneous ethanol injections, radiofrequency and microwave ablation are the ideal treatments. Despite the possibility of detecting microvascular invasion with HR, several studies and some randomized controlled trials revealed that overall survival and DSF rates in patients with VES HCC are much the same after ablation and HR. Therefore, ablation can be regarded as a first-line choice for patients with VES HCC. It is important to emphasize that the choice of treatment should be weighed carefully in the context of a multidisciplinary cancer team.

Indexed as

Ablation TechniquesAlcohol AbstinenceAlcohol DrinkingAnimalsCarcinoma, HepatocellularEarly Detection of CancerHepatectomyHumansLiver NeoplasmsLiver TransplantationNeoplasm StagingPredictive Value of TestsRisk AssessmentRisk FactorsRisk Reduction BehaviorTime FactorsAlcoholAlcoholic liver diseaseHepatocellular carcinomaPercutaneous ablation

Identifiers

PMID25473148
PMCPMC4239482

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.