ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2015
Adverse vascular risk is related to cognitive decline in older adults.
Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity correlated with cognitive decline in hypertensive individuals: a systematic review.BMC neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Cardiovascular disease risk models and dementia or cognitive decline: a systematic review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Atrial Fibrillation Is Associated with Cognitive Impairment, All-Cause Dementia, Vascular Dementia, and Alzheimer's Disease: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Can Physical Activity Reduce the Risk of Cognitive Decline in Apolipoprotein e4 Carriers? A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- HIV, Vascular Risk Factors, and Cognition in the Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Era: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2021Pooled it
- Combining modifiable risk factors and risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Physical Performance Moderates the Association Between Age and Executive Function in Older Adults at Elevated Risk of Dementia: Cross-Sectional Analysis From the CITA GO-ON Trial.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Article
- Relations of left ventricular mass and hypertrophy to cognitive function in urban dwelling African American and White adults.Neuropsychology · 2026Article
- Microvascular Failure in the Aging Brain: Converging Pathways of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Endothelial Decline.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The Relationship between Framingham Stroke Risk Profile on Incident Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: A 40-Year Follow-Up Study Highlighting Female Vulnerability.Annals of neurology · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's disease: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, risk factors, symptoms diagnosis, management, caregiving, advanced treatments and associated challenges.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Comparative Study of Risk Factors Associated with Normal Cognition and Cognitive Impairment in Rural West Elderly Texans.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Impact of cardiovascular risk factors on the relationships of physical activity with mood and cognitive function in a diverse sample.Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition · 2023Article
- Vascular Health Is Associated With Functional Connectivity Decline in Higher-Order Networks of Older Adults.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2022Article
- Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Disease and Cognitive Dysfunction in Rural West Elderly Texans.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2021Article
- Association Between Elevated Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Function Moderated by APOE4 Status: Framingham Offspring Study.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Article
- Investigating Predictors of Cognitive Decline Using Machine Learning.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) and related risk factors are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). This association is less well-defined in normal cognition (NC) or prodromal AD (mild cognitive impairment, MCI).
objectiveCross-sectionally and longitudinally relate a vascular risk index to cognitive outcomes among elders free of clinical dementia.
methods3,117 MCI (74 ± 8 years, 56% female) and 6,603 NC participants (72 ± 8 years, 68% female) were drawn from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center. A composite measure of vascular risk was defined using the Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP) score (i.e., age, systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive medication, diabetes, cigarette smoking, CVD history, atrial fibrillation). Ordinary linear regressions and generalized linear mixed models related baseline FSRP to cross-sectional and longitudinal cognitive outcomes, separately for NC and MCI, adjusting for age, gender, race, education, and follow-up time (in longitudinal models).
resultsIn NC participants, increasing FSRP was related to worse baseline global cognition, information processing speed, and sequencing abilities (p-values <0.0001) and a worse longitudinal trajectory on all cognitive measures (p-values <0.0001). In MCI, increasing FSRP correlated with worse longitudinal delayed memory (p = 0.004). In secondary models using an age-excluded FSRP score, associations persisted in NC participants for global cognition, naming, information processing speed, and sequencing abilities.
conclusionsAn adverse vascular risk profile is associated with worse cognitive trajectory, especially global cognition, naming, and information processing speed, among NC elders. Future studies are needed to understand how effective management of CVD and related risk factors can modify cognitive decline to identify the ideal timeframe for primary prevention implementation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.