Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25470370›Full record

Observational studyEar and hearing

Incidence rates of clinically significant tinnitus: 10-year trend from a cohort study in England.

Carlos Martinez, Christopher Wallenhorst, Don McFerran, Deborah A Hall

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Ear and hearing. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
57citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Low Evidence for Tinnitus Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2023
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. A multidisciplinary systematic review of the treatment for chronic idiopathic tinnitus.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2017
    Pooled it
  4. Tinnitus: A Dimensionally Segregated, yet Perceptually Integrated Heterogeneous Disorder.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2024
    Trial
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  8. Coumarin benzamide scaffold as potential 5-HTJournal of molecular modeling · 2025
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  16. Development and Validation of Self-Management Manual for Acute Tinnitus.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Carlos Martinez1Institute for Epidemiology, Statistics and Informatics GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany; 2Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust, Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom; 3National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Hearing Biomedical Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom; and 4Otology and Hearing Group, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
Christopher Wallenhorst
Don McFerran
Deborah A Hall

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the incidence of tinnitus that burdens the health service in England.

designThis was an observational study of 4.7 million residents of England under 85 years of age who were at risk for developing clinically significant tinnitus (sigT). SigT was defined by a discharge from hospital with a primary diagnosis of tinnitus, or a primary care recording of tinnitus with subsequent related medical follow-up within 28 days. The database used was the Clinical Practice Research Datalink and individual records were linked to additional data from the Hospital Episode Statistics. The observational period was from January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2011. Age-, gender-, and calendar year-specific incidence rates for and cumulative incidences of sigT were estimated and a projection of new cases of sigT between 2012 and 2021 was performed.

resultsThere were 14,303 incident cases of sigT identified among 26.5 million person-years of observation. The incidence rate was 5.4 new cases of sigT per 10,000 person-years (95% confidence interval: 5.3 to 5.5). The incidence rate did not depend on gender but increased with age, peaking at 11.4 per 10,000 in the age group 60 to 69 years. The annual incidence rate of sigT increased from 4.5 per 10,000 person-years in 2002 to 6.6 per 10,000 person-years in 2011. The 10-year cumulative incidence of sigT was 58.4 cases (95% confidence interval: 57.4 to 59.4) per 10,000 residents. Nearly 324,000 new cases of sigT are expected to occur in England between 2012 and 2021.

conclusionsTinnitus presents a burden to the health care system that has been rising in recent years. Population-based studies provide crucial underpinning evidence; highlighting the need for further research to address issues around effective diagnosis and clinical management of this heterogeneous condition.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildCohort StudiesDatabases, FactualEnglandFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTinnitusYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID25470370
PMCPMC4415963

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.