ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2015
Missed opportunities for early infant HIV diagnosis: results of a national study in South Africa.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Knowledge and compliance related to the prevention of mother-to-child transmission guidelines amongst South African healthcare professionals.African journal of primary health care & family medicine · 2026Article
- Improving Services for HIV-Exposed Infants in Zambia and Cameroon Using a Quality Improvement Collaborative Approach.Global health, science and practice · 2021Article
- Evaluation of an SMS-based mHealth intervention to enhance early infant diagnosis follow-up testing and assessment of postnatal prophylaxis.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2021Article
- Article
- Unsatisfactory long-term virological suppression in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children in the Amazonas State, Brazil.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2020Article
- Program implementation gaps and ethical issues in the prevention of HIV infection among infants, children, and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa.Pediatric research · 2020Review
- Article
- Article
- Observational
- Factors associated with non-attendance at scheduled infant follow-up visits in an observational cohort of HIV-exposed infants in South Africa, 2012-2014.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Observational
- Rates and Predictors of HIV-Exposed Infants Lost to Follow-Up During Early Infant Diagnosis Services in Kenya.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2019Article
- Impact of Shifts to Birth Testing on Early Infant Diagnosis Program Outcomes in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2019Article
- Point-of-care HIV testing best practice for early infant diagnosis: an implementation study.BMC public health · 2019Article
- Article
- Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2019Review
- Completeness of patient-held records: observations of the Road-to-Health Booklet from two national facility-based surveys at 6 weeks postpartum, South Africa.Journal of global health · 2018Article
- Beyond Early Infant Diagnosis: Changing the Approach to HIV-Exposed Infants.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Article
- High loss to follow-up of children on antiretroviral treatment in a primary care HIV clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa.Medicine · 2018Observational
- Addressing the unique needs of adolescent mothers in the fight against HIV.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundServices to diagnose early infant HIV infection should be offered at the 6-week immunization visit. Despite high 6-week immunization attendance, the coverage of early infant diagnosis (EID) is low in many sub-Saharan countries. We explored reasons for such missed opportunities at 6-week immunization visits.
methodsWe used data from 2 cross-sectional surveys conducted in 2010 in South Africa. A national assessment was undertaken among randomly selected public facilities (n = 625) to ascertain procedures for EID. A subsample of these facilities (n = 565) was revisited to assess the HIV status of 4- to 8-week-old infants receiving 6-week immunization. We examined potential missed opportunities for EID. We used logistic regression to assess factors influencing maternal intention to report for EID at 6-week immunization visits.
resultsEID services were available in >95% of facilities and 72% of immunization service points (ISPs). The majority (68%) of ISPs provide EID for infants with reported or documented (on infant's Road-to-Health Chart/booklet-iRtHC) HIV exposure. Only 9% of ISPs offered provider-initiated counseling and testing for infants of undocumented/unknown HIV exposure. Interviews with self-reported HIV-positive mothers at ISPs revealed that only 55% had their HIV status documented on their iRtHC and 35% intended to request EID during 6-week immunization. Maternal nonreporting for EID was associated with fear of discrimination, poor adherence to antiretrovirals, and inadequate knowledge about mother-to-child HIV transmission.
conclusionsMissed opportunities for EID were attributed to poor documentation of HIV status on iRtHC, inadequate maternal knowledge about mother-to-child HIV transmission, fear of discrimination, and the lack of provider-initiated counseling and testing service for undocumented, unknown, or undeclared HIV-exposed infants.
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