Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25468186›Full record

Trial reportSchizophrenia research2014

An early Phase II randomised controlled trial testing the effect on persecutory delusions of using CBT to reduce negative cognitions about the self: the potential benefits of enhancing self confidence.

Daniel Freeman, Katherine Pugh, Graham Dunn, Nicole Evans, Bryony Sheaves, Felicity Waite, Emma Cernis, Rachel Lister, David Fowler

Open access · hybridAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase IIRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Schizophrenia research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Daniel FreemanDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK. Electronic address: daniel.freeman@psych.ox.ac.uk.
Katherine PughSussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
Graham DunnCentre for Biostatistics, Institute of Population Health, University of Manchester, UK; MRC NW Hub for Trials Methodology Research, UK.
Nicole EvansDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK.
Bryony SheavesDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK.
Felicity WaiteDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK.
Emma CernisDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK.
Rachel ListerDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK.
David FowlerSussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Sussex, UK.
University of Oxford · GBSussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust · GBUniversity of Manchester · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G0902308
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundResearch has shown that paranoia may directly build on negative ideas about the self. Feeling inferior can lead to ideas of vulnerability. The clinical prediction is that decreasing negative self cognitions will reduce paranoia.

methodThirty patients with persistent persecutory delusions were randomised to receive brief CBT in addition to standard care or to standard care (ISRCTN06118265). The six session intervention was designed to decrease negative, and increase positive, self cognitions. Assessments at baseline, 8 weeks (posttreatment) and 12 weeks were carried out by a rater blind to allocation. The primary outcomes were posttreatment scores for negative self beliefs and paranoia. Secondary outcomes were psychological well-being, positive beliefs about the self, persecutory delusions, social comparison, self-esteem, anxiety, and depression.

resultsTrial recruitment and retention were feasible and the intervention highly acceptable to the patients. All patients provided follow-up data. Posttreatment there was a small reduction in negative self beliefs (Cohen's d=0.24) and a moderate reduction in paranoia (d=0.59), but these were not statistically significant. There were statistically significant improvements in psychological well-being (d=1.16), positive beliefs about the self (d=1.00), negative social comparison (d=0.88), self-esteem (d=0.62), and depression (d=0.68). No improvements were maintained. No adverse events were associated with the intervention.

conclusionsThe intervention produced short-term gains consistent with the prediction that improving cognitions about the self will reduce persecutory delusions. The improvement in psychological well-being is important in its own right. We recommend that the different elements of the intervention are tested separately and that the treatment is lengthened.

Indexed as

Self ConceptAdultCognitive Behavioral TherapyDelusionsFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleParanoid DisordersPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychotic DisordersSchizophreniaSchizophrenic PsychologySelf ReportSurveys and QuestionnairesTreatment OutcomeClinical trialDelusionsParanoiaSelf-esteemWell-being

Identifiers

PMID25468186
PMCPMC4266450
OpenAlexW2095300556

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.