ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982)2015
Racial/ethnic differences in use of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana: is there a cross-over from adolescence to adulthood?
Article in Social science & medicine (1982), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 148 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analytic review of the relationship between racial discrimination and alcohol and other drug use outcomes in minoritised racial/ethnic groups.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Alcohol use in multiracial American youth compared with monoracial youth: A meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Everyday ethnic discrimination and early substance use based on hair samples in high-risk racial/ethnic minority early adolescents.Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology · 2026Article
- Health consequences of paternal incarceration using a future-treated control group.Health & justice · 2026Article
- A Meta-Analysis of Bi-Directional Associations between Sleep Health and Substance Use among U.S. Youth: Racial/Ethnic Differences.Current addiction reports · 2025Article
- A Conditional Indirect Effects Analysis of Intimate Partner Violence, Depression, Social Support, and Race With Alcohol Consumption among Postpartum Mothers.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2025Article
- Experiences of Discrimination and Alcohol Involvement Among Young Adults at the Intersection of Race/Ethnicity and Gender.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- The gateway effect of cigarette, e-cigarette, cigar, and alcohol use vs. Cannabis use.Addictive behaviors · 2025Article
- Understanding clustered behavioral risk factors among adults in the United States: A gender-specific analysis of alcohol and other substance use and obesity.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Preliminary evidence for perceived rapid alcohol tolerance growth as a risk factor for problematic alcohol use.Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire) · 2025Article
- Childhood exposure to danger increases Black youths' alcohol consumption, accelerated aging, and cardiac risk as young adults: A test of the incubation hypothesis.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Estimating substance use disparities across intersectional social positions using machine learning: An application of group-lasso interaction network.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025Article
- Family-Focused Prevention and Early Intervention of Substance Use in Pediatric Primary Care Settings.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2024Article
- When the Going Gets Tough: Multimorbidity and Heavy and Binge Drinking Among Adults.American journal of preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Alcoholic beverage types consumed by population subgroups in the United States: Implications for alcohol policy to address health disparities.Drug and alcohol review · 2024Article
- Exploring the promotive pathway between ethnic-racial identity, depression and anxiety symptoms, and substance use among African American emerging adults.Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology · 2024Article
- Associations among discrimination, psychological functioning, and substance use among US Black adults aged 18-28: Moderation by racial attribution and sex.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2023Article
- Human Capital Development Factors and Black Adolescent Tobacco and Cannabis Use.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Developmental trajectories of alcohol and cannabis concurrent use in a nationally representative sample of United States youths.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Psychosocial predictors of trajectories of dual cigarette and e-cigarette use among young adults in the US.Addictive behaviors · 2023Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Black adolescents in the US are less likely to use alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco compared with non-Hispanic Whites, but little is known about the consistency of these racial/ethnic differences in substance use across the lifecourse. Understanding lifecourse patterning of substance use is critical to inform prevention and intervention efforts. Data were drawn from four waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health; Wave 1 (mean age = 16): N = 14,101; Wave 4 (mean age = 29): N = 11,365). Outcomes included alcohol (including at-risk drinking, defined as 5+/4+ drinks per drinking occasion or 14+/7+ drinks per week on average for men and women, respectively), cigarette, and marijuana use in 30-day/past-year. Random effects models stratified by gender tested differences-in-differences for wave by race interactions, controlling for age, parents' highest education/income, public assistance, and urbanicity. Results indicate that for alcohol, Whites were more likely to use alcohol and engage in at-risk alcohol use at all waves. By mean age 29.9, for example, White men were 2.1 times as likely to engage in at-risk alcohol use (95% C.I. 1.48-2.94). For cigarettes, Whites were more likely to use cigarettes and smoked more at Waves 1 through 3; there were no differences by Wave 4 for men and a diminished difference for women, and difference-in-difference models indicated evidence of convergence. For marijuana, there were no racial/ethnic differences in use for men at any wave. For women, by Wave 4 there was convergence in marijuana use and a cross-over in frequency of use among users, with Black women using more than White women. In summary, no convergence or cross-over for racial/ethnic differences through early adulthood in alcohol use; convergence for cigarette as well as marijuana use. Lifecourse patterns of health disparities secondary to heavy substance use by race and ethnicity may be, at least in part, due to age-related variation in cigarette and marijuana use.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.