ArticleMolecular cell2014
Structural model of active Bax at the membrane.
Article in Molecular cell, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers.
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Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 222 citations in OpenAlex.
- AFM to Study Pore-Forming Proteins.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2027Article
- Reverse engineering of BNIP3 identifies a mitochondrial protective peptide.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Protocol for preparing and characterizing samples for combined microsecond freeze-hyperquenching and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Advances in Elucidating the Mitochondrial DNA Mechanisms Underlying Ozone-Induced Inflammation.Toxics · 2026Review
- A gated hydrophobic funnel within BAX binds bioactive lipids to potentiate pro-apoptotic function.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The interplay between circadian rhythm components and apoptosis in health and disease.Human cell · 2026Review
- Multifaceted Roles of Bcl-2 Family Proteins: Regulatory Roles in Apoptosis, Physiological Functions, and Therapeutic Potential.Current medical science · 2025Review
- The BCL-2 protein family: from discovery to drug development.Cell death and differentiation · 2025Review
- Comparison of BH3-dependent and BH3-independent membrane interactions of pro-apoptotic factor BAX.Biophysical journal · 2025Article
- Protein Modeling with DEER Spectroscopy.Annual review of biophysics · 2025Review
- The minimal membrane requirements for BAX-induced pore opening upon exposure to oxidative stress.Biophysical journal · 2024Article
- Mitophagy in Cell Death Regulation: Insights into Mechanisms and Disease Implications.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Emerging connectivity of programmed cell death pathways and pulmonary vascular remodelling during pulmonary hypertension.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Story of Pore-Forming Proteins from Deadly Disease-Causing Agents to Modern Applications with Evolutionary Significance.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Review
- Chronic spindle assembly checkpoint activation causes myelosuppression and gastrointestinal atrophy.EMBO reports · 2024Article
- The lipid basis of cell death and autophagy.Autophagy · 2024Review
- Mechanisms of BCL-2 family proteins in mitochondrial apoptosis.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2023Review
- Spectroscopically Orthogonal Spin Labels in Structural Biology at Physiological Temperatures.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2023Article
- Shikonin inhibits neuronal apoptosis via regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in the rat model of double-level chronic cervical cord compression.Cell biology and toxicology · 2023Article
- Pore-forming proteins as drivers of membrane permeabilization in cell death pathways.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2023Review
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Bax plays a central role in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Upon activation, cytosolic Bax monomers oligomerize on the surface of mitochondria and change conformation concertedly to punch holes into the outer membrane. The subsequent release of cytochrome c initiates cell death. However, the structure of membrane-inserted Bax and its mechanism of action remain largely unknown. Here, we propose a 3D model of active Bax at the membrane based on double electron-electron resonance (DEER) spectroscopy in liposomes and isolated mitochondria. We show that active Bax is organized at the membrane as assemblies of dimers. In addition to a stable dimerization domain, each monomer contains a more flexible piercing domain involved in interdimer interactions and pore formation. The most important structural change during Bax activation is the opening of the hairpin formed by helices 5 and 6, which adopts a clamp-like conformation central to the mechanism of mitochondrial permeabilization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.