ArticleThe International journal on drug policy2015
Urban vs. rural differences in prescription opioid misuse among adults in the United States: informing region specific drug policies and interventions.
Article in The International journal on drug policy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Predictors of Opioid Misuse and Abuse Among Pregnant Women in the US.Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses · 2026Article
- Patient Refusal of Patient-Controlled Analgesia: Incidence, Associated Factors, and Reasons-A Prospective Mixed-Methods Cohort Study Protocol in a Chinese Tertiary Hospital.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Subgroup identification of disparities in buprenorphine discontinuation in opioid-use disorder: A Virtual Twins machine learning approach using nationwide United States claims data, 2006-2022.PLOS mental health · 2026Article
- Shifting Cohort Patterns in the Use of Drugs with Elevated Overdose Risk in the United States.Social problems · 2025Article
- Investigating mental health disparities in rural sexual and gender minority adults: protocol for the rural exploration and approaches to LGBTQ + Mental Health (REALM) prospective cohort study.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Identifying factors associated with persistent opioid use after total joint arthroplasty: a retrospective review.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of abnormal urine drug tests during COVID-19 pandemic in the cancer patient population: retrospective study.Pain management · 2024Article
- DeepBiomarker2: Prediction of Alcohol and Substance Use Disorder Risk in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Patients Using Electronic Medical Records and Multiple Social Determinants of Health.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Community-level Factors and their Associations with Changing Opioid Overdose Fatality Rates in Kentucky, 2019-2021.Journal of Appalachian health · 2024Article
- Analyzing and predicting short-term substance use behaviors of persons who use drugs in the great plains of the U.S.PloS one · 2024Article
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- Applications of research evidence during processes to acquire approvals for syringe services program implementation in rural counties in Kentucky.Annals of medicine · 2022Article
- Evaluating the impact of naloxone dispensation at public health vending machines in Clark County, Nevada.Annals of medicine · 2022Article
- Recent trends in prescription drug misuse in the United States by age, race/ethnicity, and sex.The American journal on addictions · 2022Article
- A Review of Potential National Chronic Pain Surveillance Systems in the United States.The journal of pain · 2022Review
- Conceptualizing the Socio-Built Environment: An Expanded Theoretical Framework to Promote a Better Understanding of Risk for Nonmedical Opioid Overdose Outcomes in Urban and Non-Urban Settings.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022Article
- Differences in the attitudes towards the opioid crisis between metropolitan and rural counties in Central Texas: Secondary data analysis using cross-sectional data.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn the United States, prescription opioid misuse (POM) has increased dramatically over the past two decades. However, there are still questions regarding whether rural/urban differences in adult POM exist, and more important, which factors might be driving these differences.
methodsUsing data from the 2011 and 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we conducted unadjusted and adjusted binary logistic regression analyses to determine the association between metropolitan status and POM.
resultsWe found that urban adults were more likely to engage in POM compared to rural adults because of their higher use of other substances, including alcohol, cannabis, and other illicit and prescription drugs, and because of their greater use of these substances as children.
conclusionThis study fills an important gap in the literature by not only identifying urban/rural differences in POM, but by also pointing out factors that mediate those differences. Because patterns and predictors of POM can be unique to geographic region, this research is critical to informing tailored interventions and drug policy decisions. Specifically, these findings suggest that interventions should be aimed at urban illicit drug users and adults in manual labor occupations.
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