ArticleEndocrinology2015
Unliganded thyroid hormone receptor α controls developmental timing in Xenopus tropicalis.
Article in Endocrinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinoid-X receptor action and disruption in development.Developmental biology · 2026Review
- The dual function model revisited by thyroid hormone receptor knockouts: Unliganded state controlling the initiation of adult organ development while liganded state ensuring larval tissue resorption during metamorphosis.Developmental biology · 2026Review
- Understanding thyroid hormone receptor function in controlling developmental timing and rate in Xenopus: A journey from biochemistry and molecular biology to genetics.General and comparative endocrinology · 2026Review
- Sublethal Clothianidin Exposure Impairs Development, Thyroid Hormones, Locomotion and Predation inToxics · 2026Article
- Thyroid hormone receptor subtype-specific function in controlling organ-specific developmental timing and rate duringFrontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Complementary and additive functions of TRα and TRβ during intestinal remodeling as revealed by ChIP-Seq analysis on wild type and TR knockout animals.General and comparative endocrinology · 2025Article
- Thyroid hormone receptor- and stage-dependent transcriptome changes affect the initial period of Xenopus tropicalis tail regeneration.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Functions and Mechanism of Thyroid Hormone Receptor Action During Amphibian Development.Endocrinology · 2024Review
- Changing the structure of PFOA and PFOS: a chemical industry strategy or a solution to avoid thyroid-disrupting effects?Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Review
- Intestinal remodeling during Xenopus metamorphosis as a model for studying thyroid hormone signaling and adult organogenesis.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2024Article
- Simplifying Genotyping of Mutants from Genome Editing with a Parallel qPCR-Based iGenotype Index.Cells · 2024Article
- Liver development duringiScience · 2023Article
- Comparative Analysis of Transcriptome Profiles Reveals Distinct and Organ-Dependent Genomic and Nongenomic Actions of Thyroid Hormone inThyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association · 2023Article
- Cell cycle activation in thyroid hormone-induced apoptosis and stem cell development duringFrontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Thyroid-like hormone signaling in invertebrates and its potential role in initial screening of thyroid hormone system disrupting chemicals.Integrated environmental assessment and management · 2023Review
- Steroid-receptor coactivator complexes in thyroid hormone-regulation of Xenopus metamorphosis.Vitamins and hormones · 2023Article
- Essential and subtype-dependent function of thyroid hormone receptors during Xenopus metamorphosis.Vitamins and hormones · 2023Review
- Organ-specific effects on target binding due to knockout of thyroid hormone receptor α during Xenopus metamorphosis.Development, growth & differentiation · 2023Article
- Upregulation of proto-oncogene ski by thyroid hormone in the intestine and tail during Xenopus metamorphosis.General and comparative endocrinology · 2022Article
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2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Thyroid hormone (T3) affects adult metabolism and postembryonic development in vertebrates. T3 functions mainly via binding to its receptors (TRs) to regulate gene expression. There are 2 TR genes, TRα and TRβ, with TRα more ubiquitously expressed. During development, TRα expression appears earlier than T3 synthesis and secretion into the plasma. This and the ability of TRs to regulate gene expression both in the presence and absence of T3 have indicated a role for unliganded TR during vertebrate development. On the other hand, it has been difficult to study the role of unliganded TR during development in mammals because of the difficulty to manipulate the uterus-enclosed, late-stage embryos. Here we use amphibian development as a model to address this question. We have designed transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) to mutate the TRα gene in Xenopus tropicalis. We show that knockdown of TRα enhances tadpole growth in premetamorphic tadpoles, in part because of increased growth hormone gene expression. More importantly, the knockdown also accelerates animal development, with the knockdown animals initiating metamorphosis at a younger age and with a smaller body size. On the other hand, such tadpoles are resistant to exogenous T3 treatment and have delayed natural metamorphosis. Thus, our studies not only have directly demonstrated a critical role of endogenous TRα in mediating the metamorphic effect of T3 but also revealed novel functions of unliganded TRα during postembryonic development, that is, regulating both tadpole growth rate and the timing of metamorphosis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.