Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25455476›Full record

ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982)2015

To cause or not to cause? That is the question, but identical twins might not have all of the answers.

Jason D Boardman, Jason M Fletcher

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Social science & medicine (1982), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
33citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

33 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Etiology and correlates of alcohol misuse in early midlife.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Controlling for polygenic genetic confounding in epidemiologic association studies.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Education and medication use later in life and the role of intelligence.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2024
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Predicting Alcohol Dependence Symptoms by Young Adulthood: A Co-Twin Comparisons Study.Twin research and human genetics : the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies · 2021
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Jason D BoardmanUniversity of Colorado, Boulder, CO, United States. Electronic address: boardman@colorado.edu.
Jason M FletcherUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison, United States.

Funding

Statistical Data Enclave CoreP30AG017266 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Michal Engelman · 1999 to 2026
$17.0M
University of Colorado Population CenterP2CHD066613 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI JANE A MENKEN · 2015 to 2026
$3.7M
Integrating Genetics and Social Sciences Annual ConferenceR13HD078100 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO · PI BOARDMAN, JASON D · 2013 to 2017
$60k
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG017266NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD066613NICHD NIH HHS R13 HD078100
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

Gene-Environment InteractionTwins, MonozygoticCausalityConfounding Factors, EpidemiologicEducational StatusGenotypeHealth Status DisparitiesHumansSocial Determinants of HealthTwin Studies as TopicCausal estimatesHealth and educationIdentical twins

Identifiers

PMID25455476
PMCPMC5830117

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.