ArticleAntiviral research2014
Toll-like receptor 3 signaling inhibits simian immunodeficiency virus replication in macrophages from rhesus macaques.
Article in Antiviral research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- TLR3 activation of microglia-containing cerebral organoid induces antiviral factors against HIV-1 infection.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- SLFN14 functions as a P-TEFb inhibitor to modulate the transcription of HIV-1 and cellular genes.Science advances · 2025Article
- Activation of Toll-like receptor 3 inhibits HIV infection of human iPSC-derived microglia.Journal of medical virology · 2023Article
- HIV infection suppresses TLR3 activation-mediated antiviral immunity in microglia and macrophages.Immunology · 2020Article
- Prevention and treatment of HIV infection and cognitive disease in mice by innate immune responses.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2020Article
- Increased SAMHD1 transcript expression correlates with interferon-related genes in HIV-1-infected patients.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2019Article
- Epigallocatechin-3-gallate local pre-exposure application prevents SHIV rectal infection of macaques.Mucosal immunology · 2018Article
- Toll-like receptor 3 activation selectively reverses HIV latency in microglial cells.Retrovirology · 2017Article
- Protease-Activated Receptor 1 Enhances Poly I:C Induction of the Antiviral Response in Macrophages and Mice.Journal of innate immunity · 2017Article
- The G1/S Specific Cyclin D2 Is a Regulator of HIV-1 Restriction in Non-proliferating Cells.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Interferon regulatory factor 3 is a key regulation factor for inducing the expression of SAMHD1 in antiviral innate immunity.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Gut immune dysfunction through impaired innate pattern recognition receptor expression and gut microbiota dysbiosis in chronic SIV infection.Mucosal immunology · 2016Article
- The role of BST-2/Tetherin in host protection and disease manifestation.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2016Review
- Toll-like receptor-3 mediates HIV-1 transactivation via NFκB and JNK pathways and histone acetylation, but prolonged activation suppresses Tat and HIV-1 replication.Cellular signalling · 2016Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) recognizes double-stranded RNA and induces multiple intracellular events responsible for innate antiviral immunity against viral infections. Here we demonstrate that TLR3 signaling of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) from rhesus monkeys by poly I:C inhibited simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection and replication. Investigation of the mechanisms showed that TLR3 activation resulted in the induction of type I and type III interferons (IFNs) and IFN-inducible antiviral factors, including APOBEC3G (A3G), tetherin and SAMHD1. In addition, poly I:C-treated macaque macrophages expressed increased levels of CC chemokines including CCL3, CCL4 and CCL5, the ligands for HIV or SIV coreceptor CCR5. Furthermore, TLR3 signaling of macaque macrophages induced the expression of cellular microRNAs (miR-29a, -29b, -146a and -9), the newly identified intracellular SIV restriction factors. TLR3 activation-mediated anti-SIV effect could be compromised by the knockdown of IRF3 and IRF7. These findings indicate that TLR3-mediated induction of multiple viral restriction factors contribute to the inhibition of SIV infection in macaque macrophages, which support future preclinical studies using rhesus macaques to determine whether in vivo TLR3 activation is safe and beneficial for treating people infected with HIV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.