Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25452868›Full record

ArticleBMJ open diabetes research & care2014

Association of fasting insulin and C peptide with diabetic retinopathy in Latinos with type 2 diabetes.

Jane Z Kuo, Xiuqing Guo, Ronald Klein, Barbara E Klein, Robert N Weinreb, Pauline Genter, Fone-Ching Hsiao, Mark O Goodarzi, Jerome I Rotter, Yii-Der Ida Chen and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open diabetes research & care, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Jane Z KuoShiley Eye Center and Department of Ophthalmology, University of California at San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA.
Xiuqing GuoInstitute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California , USA.
Ronald KleinDepartment of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences , University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison, Wisconsin , USA.
Barbara E KleinDepartment of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences , University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health , Madison, Wisconsin , USA.
Robert N WeinrebShiley Eye Center and Department of Ophthalmology, University of California at San Diego , La Jolla, California , USA.
Pauline GenterDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California , USA.
Fone-Ching HsiaoDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine , Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center , Taipei , Taiwan.
Mark O GoodarziDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism , Cedars-Sinai Medical Center , Los Angeles, California , USA.
Jerome I RotterInstitute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California , USA.
Yii-Der Ida ChenInstitute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California , USA.
Eli IppDivision of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center , Torrance, California , USA.
UCLA Medical Center · USThe Lundquist Institute · USUniversity of California, San Diego · USWisconsin Division of Public Health · USCedars-Sinai Medical Center · USNational Defense Medical Center · TW

Funding

UCLA Clinical and Translational Science InstituteUL1TR000124 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI DUBINETT, STEVEN M. · 2012 to 2015
$57.0M
Transgenic & Knock-out MouseP30DK063491 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI PETER J TONTONOZ · 2003 to 2026
$40.4M
Genetics of Diabetic Retinopathy in HispanicsR01EY014684 · NEI · CEDARS-SINAI MEDICAL CENTER · PI ROTTER, JEROME I · 2004 to 2011
$4.4M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000124NEI NIH HHS R01 EY014684NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK063491
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveResidual insulin secretion provides important protection against the development of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetes. The data to support this in type 2 diabetes are unclear. We therefore tested in type 2 diabetes whether markers of residual beta-cell function are associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy, an important microvascular complication of diabetes.

designProspective, cross-sectional, family-based study.

participants585 Latino type 2 diabetic participants, ascertained in families via a proband either with known diabetes duration of greater than 10 years and/or with diabetic retinopathy. OUTCOME MEASURES: CIRCULATING LEVELS OF FASTING INSULIN AND C PEPTIDE MEASURED AND CORRELATED TO DEGREE OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY, ASSESSED BY DIGITAL FUNDUS PHOTOGRAPHY AND GRADED USING THE MODIFIED AIRLIE HOUSE CLASSIFICATION AND THE EARLY TREATMENT DIABETIC RETINOPATHY STUDY SCALE (RANGE: levels 10-85).

resultsFasting plasma insulin (β=-0.29; 95% CI -0.38 to -0.20; p<0.0001) and C peptide (β=-0.21; 95% CI -0.30 to -0.13; p<0.0001) concentrations in these diabetic participants were significantly correlated with retinopathy and its degree of severity. This relationship remained significant after adjusting for potential covariates including age, gender, glycosylated hemoglobin, duration of diabetes, blood pressure, and renal function.

conclusionsThese data suggest that residual endogenous insulin secretion is associated with the presence of diabetic retinopathy and its severity in Latinos with familial type 2 diabetes. It remains to be proven whether beta-cell targeted therapies, to maintain beta-cell mass and/or function in addition to glycemic control, will further the goal of preventing diabetic microvascular disease.

Indexed as

C-PeptideInsulinRetinopathy

Identifiers

PMID25452868
PMCPMC4212555
OpenAlexW2100011878

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.