ReviewBrain research2015
Theta-burst LTP.
Review in Brain research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 147 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Establishing Functional Biomarkers for Spaced Theta-Burst Stimulation
Accelerated Theta Burst in Chronic Pain: A Biomarker Study
Effects of Percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation on Neck and Low Back Pain: a Quadruple-blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial
Who cites it
147 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 286 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of non-invasive neuromodulation technologies in improving cognitive function and activities of daily living in patients with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Pooled it
- Cerebellar stimulation in schizophrenia: A systematic review of the evidence and an overview of the methods.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Bilateral intermittent theta burst stimulation over the primary motor cortex improves motor and affective symptoms via thalamic network reintegration in mid-stage Parkinson's disease.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Trial
- Effects of intermittent theta-burst stimulation on cognition and glymphatic system activity in mild cognitive impairment and very mild Alzheimer's disease: a randomized controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Connectivity-guided intermittent theta burst versus repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: a randomized controlled trial.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- Efficacy of Cortical-Hippocampal Target Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation (iTBS) on Associative Memory of Schizophrenia: A Double-Blind, Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2024Trial
- Prolonged continuous theta burst stimulation increases motor corticospinal excitability and intracortical inhibition in patients with neuropathic pain: An exploratory, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial.Neurophysiologie clinique = Clinical neurophysiology · 2023Trial
- Augmentation of fear extinction by theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation of the prefrontal cortex in humans.Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN · 2021Trial
- Theta-Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.The American journal of psychiatry · 2019Trial
- Lasting effects of early-life oxytocin treatment on LTP and episodic memory in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Sleep lowers waking theta frequency in the rat hippocampus.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Temporal interference stimulation for deep brain neuromodulation in humans.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Decoding the mechanisms of amyloid-β in synaptic toxicity.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2026Review
- Dual roles of basal NLRP3 expression in cognitive and neurogenic aging.Biogerontology · 2026Article
- ALDH2-mediated GABA biosynthesis regulates hippocampal LTP and learning adaptability.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- α-Synuclein expression is required for somatodendritic dopamine release and immediate early gene induction.Science advances · 2026Article
- Metformin Improves Cognitive Function in a Rat Model of Global Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Via Inhibiting NF-kb Signaling Pathway and Caspase-1/NLRP3 Inflammasome.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Dementia.Current aging science · 2026Review
87 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This review covers the spatial and temporal rules governing induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) by theta-burst stimulation. Induction of LTP in field CA1 by high frequency stimulation bursts that resemble the burst discharges (complex-spikes) of hippocampal pyramidal neurons involves a multiple-step mechanism. A single burst is insufficient for LTP induction because it evokes both excitatory and inhibitory currents that partially cancel and limit postsynaptic depolarization. Bursts repeated at the frequency (~5 Hz) of the endogenous theta rhythm induce maximal LTP, primarily because this frequency disables feed-forward inhibition and allows sufficient postsynaptic depolarization to activate voltage-sensitive NMDA receptors. The disinhibitory process, referred to as "priming", involves presynaptic GABA autoreceptors that inhibit GABA release. Activation of NMDA receptors allows a calcium flux into dendritic spines that serves as the proximal trigger for LTP. We include new data showing that theta-burst stimulation is more efficient than other forms of stimulation for LTP induction. In addition, we demonstrate that associative interactions between synapses activated during theta-bursts are limited to major dendritic domains since such interactions occur within apical or basal dendritic trees but not between them. We review evidence that recordings of electrophysiological responses during theta burst stimulation can help to determine if experimental manipulations that affect LTP do so by affecting events antecedent to the induction process, such as NMDA receptor activation, or downstream signaling cascades that result from postsynaptic calcium fluxes. Finally, we argue that theta-burst LTP represents a minimal model for stable, non-decremental LTP that is more sensitive to a variety of experimental manipulations than is LTP induced by other stimulation paradigms. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Brain and Memory.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.