Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25449884›Full record

ArticleJournal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society2014

In vivo gene silencing following non-invasive siRNA delivery into the skin using a novel topical formulation.

Vikas Hegde, Robyn P Hickerson, Sitheswaran Nainamalai, Paul A Campbell, Frances J D Smith, W H Irwin McLean, Deena M Leslie Pedrioli

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Nomilin Rewires mTOR-Driven Immunometabolism via DDIT4 to Restrain Psoriasis.International journal of biological sciences · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Passive siRNA transfection method for gene knockdown in air-liquid interface airway epithelial cell cultures.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2021
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Advances in the Application and Impact of MicroRNAs as Therapies for Skin Disease.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2017
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Vikas HegdeCentre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK.
Robyn P HickersonCentre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK.
Sitheswaran NainamalaiCentre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK.
Paul A CampbellCentre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK; Carnegie Physics Laboratory, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland, UK.
Frances J D SmithCentre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK.
W H Irwin McLeanCentre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK. Electronic address: w.h.i.mclean@dundee.ac.uk.
Deena M Leslie PedrioliCentre for Dermatology and Genetic Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK. Electronic address: d.lesliepedrioli@dundee.ac.uk.
University of Dundee · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council G0700314Medical Research Council G0801742Medical Research Council G0802780Medical Research Council MR/L020246/1Wellcome Trust 098439Wellcome Trust 098439/Z/12/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Therapeutics based on short interfering RNAs (siRNAs), which act by inhibiting the expression of target transcripts, represent a novel class of potent and highly specific next-generation treatments for human skin diseases. Unfortunately, the intrinsic barrier properties of the skin combined with the large size and negative charge of siRNAs make epidermal delivery of these macromolecules quite challenging. To help evaluate the in vivo activity of these therapeutics and refine delivery strategies we generated an innovative reporter mouse model that predominantly expresses firefly luciferase (luc2p) in the paw epidermis--the region of murine epidermis that most closely models the tissue architecture of human skin. Combining this animal model with state-of-the-art live animal imaging techniques, we have developed a real-time in vivo analysis work-flow that has allowed us to compare and contrast the efficacies of a wide range nucleic acid-based gene silencing reagents in the skin of live animals. While inhibition was achieved with all of the reagents tested, only the commercially available "self-delivery" modified Accell-siRNAs (Dharmacon) produced potent and sustained in vivo gene silencing. Together, these findings highlight just how informative reliable reporter mouse models can be when assessing novel therapeutics in vivo. Using this work-flow, we developed a novel clinically-relevant topical formulation that facilitates non-invasive epidermal delivery of unmodified and "self-delivery" siRNAs. Remarkably, a sustained >40% luc2p inhibition was observed after two 1-hour treatments with Accell-siRNAs in our topical formulation. Importantly, our ability to successfully deliver siRNA molecules topically brings these novel RNAi-based therapeutics one-step closer to clinical use.

Indexed as

Gene SilencingAdministration, TopicalAnimalsChemistry, PharmaceuticalDrug Delivery SystemsEpidermisFilaggrin ProteinsGenes, ReporterGenetic TherapyHumansInjections, IntradermalIntermediate Filament ProteinsMiceRNA, Small InterferingFilaggrin ProteinsFLG protein, humanIntermediate Filament ProteinsRNA, Small InterferingFilaggrinLuciferase reporter mouse modelPropylene glycol (PubChem CID: 1030)RNAi-based therapeuticsTopical formulationTransepidermal siRNA delivery

Identifiers

PMID25449884
PMCPMC4275573
OpenAlexW1982595557

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.